Diabetic Ketoacidosis Flashcards
1
Q
Symptoms of DKA
A
- Polyurea
- Bad breath
- lethargy
- thirsty
- unconsciousness
- deep/fast breathing
- confusion
2
Q
At which BG level would you then check Ketone levels
A
> = 11 mmol/L
3
Q
What are the 3 levels of Ketone and what the risk is
A
- 0.6 to 1.5 mmol/L (retest in 2 hours)
- 1.6 to 2.9 mmol/L (increased risk)
- > =3 mmol/L (emergency)
4
Q
What is Step 1 of DKA treatment
A
if systolic BP is below 90
- restore blood volume with NaCL 0.9
- keep this as maintenance IV NaCl 0.9
5
Q
What is Step 2 of DKA treatment
A
Start IV insulin mixed with NaCl
6
Q
What is Step 3 of DKA treatment
A
When BG is below 14, use to IV Glucose 10%
7
Q
What is Step 4 of DKA treatment
A
Keep insulin until ketones are below 0.3 mmol/L and pH is >7.3
8
Q
What is Step 5 of DKA treatment
A
- when patient can eat give fast acting insulin with meal
- 1 hour after meal stop treatment
9
Q
What should the rate of insulin infusion be at Step 2 of DKA treatment
A
- ketone levels fall by 0.5mmol/L per hour
- BG falls at 3 mmol/L per hour
