Diabetes pharmacology Flashcards
What is Diabetes Mellitus?
A chronic metabolic condition which can cause a person to become hyperglycemic. This is either as a result of the absence/deficiency of insulin its reduced effect.
What is the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?
T1 diabetics lack insulin production
T2 diabetics have reduced insulin response.
What chronic metabolic condition which can cause a person to become hyperglycemic?
Diabetes Mellitus
Which type of diabetes causes a lack / absence of insulin production?
Type 1 diabetes
Which type of diabetes causes a reduced insulin response?
Type 2 diabetes
What is insulin?
A hormone which has the acute effect promoting exit of glucose from bloodstream.
Which hormone has the acute effect of lowering blood glucose levels?
Insulin
Where is insulin produced?
by beta-cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas.
What hormone is produced by beta-cells in the islets of Langerhans?
insulin
Describe the structure of insulin
2 peptide chains bound together by a disulphide bridge
What is pro-insulin and where is it released into?
an inactve form of insulin and is directly into the bloodstream
How is active insulin formed?
In the bloodstream, a small segment of peptide splits off pro-insulin to form active insulin
Explain the pharmacodynamics of insulin.
Due to Increased plasma glucose conc. absolute secretion and rate of secretion of insulin increased.
