Diabetes Mellitus Flashcards
1
Q
Definition
A
- Chronic, metabolic syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia as a cardinal biochemical feature
- Deficiency of insulin or its action with subsequent defect in metabolism of carbohydrates, protein & lipids
2
Q
Types of diabetes mellitus
A
- Insulin dependent (Type 1 DM)
- Non-insulin dependent (Type 2 DM)
- Secondary diabetes mellitus:
• Endocrinopathies: Cushing disease, Hyperthyroidism, Acromegaly
• Drug- or chemical-induced: Steroids, Thyroid hormone
• Diseases of the exocrine pancreas: Hemochromatosis, Cystic fibrosis, Pancreatitis
🌻 1-type1 DM 2-Type 1 diabetes in adults 3-Type 2 diabetes 4-Pancreatic disease 5-Monogenic diabetes → maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY;) and neonatal diabetes
3
Q
Criteria for diagnosis
A
☀️ Diabetes mellitus
FASTING—-> >=126mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L),
RBS—>200 mg/dL
🌼Impaired glucose tolerance
Fasting—>100-125 mg/dL
RBS—->140 mg/dL, but < 200 mg/dL