Diabetes Mellitus

Question 1

What are the different types of insulin?

Answer 1

Ultra fast acting
Fast acting
Intermediate acting
Biphasic
Ultra long acting

Question 2

What are the types of insulin that are ultra fast acting?

Answer 2

Lispro, Aspart and Glulisine

Question 3

What is the onset of action for Lispro, Aspart and Glulisine?

Answer 3

10-15 mins

Question 4

What is the duration of action for Lispro, Aspart and Glulisine?

Answer 4

3-5 hours

Question 5

What is the peak action for Lispro, Aspart and Glulisine?

Answer 5

45-90 mins

Question 6

How is Lispro, Aspart and Glulisine administered?

Answer 6

Subcutaneous injection

Question 7

What is the only short acting insulin?

Answer 7

Soluble Zn-insulin complex

Question 8

When is short acting insulin administered?

Answer 8

In an emergency through an IV

Question 9

What is the onset of action for the Zn-insulin complex?

Answer 9

30 mins

Question 10

What is the duration of action for the Zn-insulin complex?

Answer 10

6-8 hours

Question 11

What are the intermediate acting insulins?

Answer 11

Insulin formulated with Zn or protamine (protamine in phosphate buffer= isophane)

Question 12

What is the ratio of insulin to protamine?

Answer 12

6:1

Question 13

What is the onset of action of intermediate acting insulin?

Answer 13

1-3 hours

Question 14

What is the duration of action of intermediate acting insulin?

Answer 14

18-20 hours

Question 15

What is premixed insulin?

Answer 15

A combo of short and intermediate acting insulin. They are biphasic insulins

Question 16

What is premixed insulin?

Answer 16

A combo of short and intermediate acting insulin. They are biphasic insulins

Question 17

What are the long-acting insulins?

Answer 17

Glargine, Detemir and Degludec

Question 18

What is premixed insulin?

Answer 18

A combo of short and intermediate acting insulin. They are biphasic insulins

Question 19

What are the long-acting insulins?

Answer 19

Glargine, Detemir and Degludec

Question 20

What are the long-acting insulins?

Answer 20

Glargine, Detemir and Degludec

Question 21

What are the 3 preparations of premixed insulin?

Answer 21

30% soluble, 70% Isophane
25% Lispro, 75% Lispro Protamine
30% Aspart, 70% Protamine Aspart

Question 22

What are the long-acting insulins?

Answer 22

Glargine, Detemir and Degludec

Question 23

T or F - Glargine is conjugated with Zn molecules?

Answer 23

True

Question 24

What is the onset of action of Glargine?

Answer 24

1 hour

Question 25

What is the duration of action of Glargine?

Answer 25

24 hpurs

Question 26

What is the onset of action of Detemir?

Answer 26

1-2 hours

Question 27

What is the duration of action of Glargine?

Answer 27

24 hours

Question 28

What is the onset of action of Detemir?

Answer 28

1-2 hours

Question 29

What is the duration of action of Detemir?

Answer 29

20 hours

Question 30

What is the onset of action of Degludec?

Answer 30

30-90 min

Question 31

What is the duration of action of Degludec?

Answer 31

over 24 hours

Question 32

What are the drug interactions of insulin that cause hyPERglycaemic effects?

Answer 32

Glucocorticosteroids, estrogens, glucagon, diuretics

Question 33

What are the drug interactions of insulin that cause hyPOglycaemic effects?

Answer 33

Alcohol, Salicylates (asprin), Beta blockers, ACE inhibitors [Beta blockers mask hypoglycemia]

Question 34

What are the drug interactions of insulin that cause hyPOglycaemic effects?

Answer 34

Alcohol, Salicylates (asprin), Beta blockers, ACE inhibitors [Beta blockers mask hypoglycemia]

Question 34

What are the adverse effects of insulin therapy?

Answer 34

Lipohypertrophy/lipodystrophy
Hypoglycemia
Allergic skin rxns