Diabetes Intro & Overview

Question 1

What is the definition of Diabetes mellitus

Answer 1

group of metabolic diseases CHARACTERISED BY HYPERGLYCAEMIA together with disturbances of carb, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, action or both

Question 2

what is hyperglycaemia

Answer 2

increased levels of glucose in the blood

Question 3

what are 5 symptoms of hyperglycaemia

Answer 3

1. polydipsia (excessive thirst)
2. polyuria (excessive passing of urine)
3. blurred vision
4. weight loss
5. infections

Question 4

what are 2 metabolic decompensations

Answer 4

Diabetic Keto-Acidosis (DKA)

Hyperosmolar Hyperglycaemic State (HHS)

Question 5

what are the two groups of long term complications

Answer 5

1. microvascular (retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy)

2. macrovascular (stroke, MI, PVD)