Diabetes Drugs- Trachte Flashcards
Metformin
Inhibits gluconeogenesis enzymes
Decreases hepatic glucose production (decreases uptake of gluconeogenic substrates like lactate)
Increases insulin sensitivity:
Increase TK activity
Stimulation of GLUT4 into plasma membrane
Glimerpiride
Sulfonylurea
Insulin secretagoue
Binds SUR-1 on K+ channel and CLOSES channel causing depolarization
Induces fusing and release of insulin containing granules
Exenitide
GLP-1 analogus
Simulates insulin secretion and inhibits glucagon secretion
Delays gastric emptying
INduces satiety
**goes through adenylate cyclase and increased cAMP
Sitagliptin
DDP-4 inhibitor
Enhances incretins by preventing degredation
INhibits glucagon secreiton, increases insulin secretion
Repaglinide
Insulin secretagous
K+ channel blocker
Nataglinide
Insulin secretagous
K+ channel blocker
Acarbose
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
Slow intestinal digestion/absorption of carbs
Interferes w/ hydrolysis of dissacharadies
Miglitol
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
Slow intestinal digestion/absorption of carbs
Interferes w/ hydrolysis of dissacharadies
Pramlinitide
Amylin analogue
Delays gastric emptying and inhibits glucagon synthesis
Rosaglitazone
Thiozolidenes
PPAR gamma receptor agonist
Transcription factor
Increase synthesis and trasport of GLUT transporters into membrane
Piaglitazone
Thiozolidenes
PPAR gamma receptor agonist
Transcription factor
Increase synthesis and trasport of GLUT transporters into membrane
Dangerous side effect of metformin?
Lactic acidosis
**don’t give with renal or liver impairment
What is the only drugs to address the primary defect of Type 2 diabetes?
Thiozolindenes:
rosaglitazone
Piaglitazone
Side effects of glitazones?
Lower extremity edema
Risk of CV events
