Diabetes Drugs

Question 1

What is the MOA of metformin?

Answer 1

Increases the activity of AMPK which leads to:

-A decrease in insulin resistance

-A decrease in haptic gluconeogenesis

-A decrease in intestinal glucose absorption

Question 2

What is the MOA of sulfonylureas?

Answer 2

Enhance insulin secretion by inhibiting ATP sensitive potassium channels

Question 3

What is the MOA of repaglinide?

Answer 3

Same mechanism as sulfonylureas but works much quicker and arguably less effective

Must be taken before or with a meal

Question 4

What is the MOA of thiazolidinediones?

Answer 4

Enhance insulin sensitivity at target tissues similar to metformin

Question 5

What is the MOA of acarbose?

Answer 5

Inhibits alpha-glucosidase which reduces the rate of absorption of carbohydrates from the GI tract preventing hyperglycemia

Take with meals

Question 6

What is the MOA of DPP4 inhibitors?

Answer 6

Inhibit the breakdown of incretins which increases and prolongs their activity - instructs the pancreas to release more insulin for longer

Question 7

What is the MOA of GLP-1 agonists?

Answer 7

Mimic endogenous GLP-1

Results in increased satiety, reduced gastric emptying, and greater insulin secretion

Question 8

What is the MOA of SGLT-2 inhibitors?

Answer 8

Increases excretion of glucose in the kidney by preventing glucose reabsorption, therefore reducing blood glucose