diabetes and cogntition

Question 1

how does diabetes affect cognition?

Answer 1

can cause insults to the integrity of the BBB - altered BBB transport, integrity and oxidative stress

upregulation if the receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE)

particularly vulnerable to high energy demand and low fuel storage.

Question 2

what does hyperglycaemia cause?

Answer 2

reduced white matter volume

decrease psychomotor efficiency and motor speed

Question 3

what is included in ‘cognition’

Answer 3

memory
attention
concentraton
abstract thinking
constructional ability
speed of information processing

Question 4

describe dementia in diabetes

Answer 4

2-3 x relative risk of AD in insulin resistance

all insulin resistance has very high risk of mild cognitive impairement

Question 5

describe insulin sensitivity in AD

Answer 5

systemic insulin sensitivity shown to be impaired in AD and a positive correlation with cognitive performance

reduced insulin peptide in AD brain

Question 6

what cognitive domains are particularly affected in T1DM?

Answer 6

attention, psychomotor speed and information processing

Question 7

describe IQ in T1DM

Answer 7

lower IQ in children

hypos associated with lower verbal IQ

early onset hypos = disturbed spatial memory

Question 8

cognitive decline in T1DM is influenced by…

Answer 8

age
disease duration
number and severity of hypos
microvascular disease

Question 9

what cognitive domains are affected the most in T2DM?

Answer 9

memory, psychomotor speed and executive function

Question 10

describe cognitive decline in T2DM

Answer 10

shown to cause atrophy of medial temporal lobe structures

glycaemic variability omapirs cognitive function

cognitive function very associated with ROS

Question 11

what is possible therapy for cognitive decline in T2DM?

Answer 11

glycaemic control
antioxidants
metabolic health improvements
education