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ISP > Diabetes / acid base > Flashcards

Diabetes / acid base Flashcards

1
Q

HCT

A

Hematocrit,% of red cells in your blood

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2
Q

GFR

A

Glomerular Filtration Rate

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3
Q

HB1Ac

A

Haemoglobin 1Ac, is the amount of glucose of the last 2-3 months

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4
Q

How to know if someone has diabetes based on the HB1Ac ?

A

You can develop Type 2 diabetes if you have 6.5%

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5
Q

How to know if it’s diables Type I ?

A
  • Is an autoimmune disorder,where cells attack the endocrineus system,pancreas is notable to produce insulin cells
  • Damage of T and B cells
  • You can get diabetes after a viral infection
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6
Q

Method to confirm diabetes specifically type1

A

Random Sugar Test Imade in a normal blood test)

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7
Q

Other methods to confrm diabetes

A
  • fasting blood glucose test
  • oral glucose tolerance test
  • glycated haemoglobin ( HB1Ac )
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8
Q

Endogenous Insulin Production on diabetes Type I

A

secrete low levels

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9
Q

Onset speed on Diabetes type I

A

few weeks or months

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10
Q

Typical age of onset diabetes type l

A

early age

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11
Q

Percent population with diabetes type I

A

10-15%

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12
Q

Body habitus ondiabetes type I

A

thin or average body

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13
Q

treatments for diabetes type I

A

insulin injection

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14
Q

What to look in a diabetes type I patient?

A

look for antibodies

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15
Q

Endogenous Imsullin Production on cdiabetes type 2

A

not atected

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16
Q

Onset speed of diabetes type 2

A

Adults over 30 yrs

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17
Q

Percent of diabetic 2 population

A

90-95%

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18
Q

Body habitus in diabetes type 2

A

obese

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19
Q

Treatments for diabetes type 2 patients

A

dieting and exexcise

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20
Q

What to look for in a diabetic type 2 patient?

A

excess production of insulin

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21
Q

With which other affections is type I and type 2 diabetes related ?

A
  • Polyuria
  • Poydipsia
  • Polyphagia
22
Q

Polyuria

A

excessive urination

23
Q

Polydipsia

A

thirstiness

24
Q

Polyphagia

A

eating excessive amount of food

25
Q

What is the use at the name specific gravity?

A

density measure for liquids

26
Q

Why are ketones present in the urine?

A

Because there is no insulin and ketones are produced to compensate

27
Q

What are the consequences at hyper-glycemia

A
  • It can damage your nerves, blood vessels, lissues and organs
  • Can increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, eye damaging, kidney damaging, non-healing wounds
  • COMA DEATH
28
Q

What are the consequences of hypo-glycaemia?

A
  • brain blead, heart allack, lost of cognitive functions,aye disease, nerve damage, eye disease and kidney disease
  • PERMANENT BRAIN DAMAGE
29
Q

ERPF

A

Execration renal plasma flow

30
Q

RBF

A

Renal blood flow

31
Q

what is neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy associated to?

A

Hyperglycemia

32
Q

Neuropathy

A

Damage or disfunction in for more nerves that typically result in numbness,tingling,muscle weakness and pain in some areas

33
Q

Nephropathy

A

Kidney failure,GFR increase.

34
Q

Retinopathy

A

Blured vision, develop eye disease

35
Q

What is the physiologicalp pincipale of the inulin clearance test to measure GFR

A

When a substance is administrated intravenously and is cleared by the gomerular filtration ; at equilibrium the rate of infusion = the rate of excretion

36
Q

Term for high urea

37
Q

EPO

A

Erythropoietin

38
Q

What does law haematocrit (PCV) means?

39
Q

hypercapnia

A

Condition of having high levels of CO2 in the blood caused by an hyperventilation or by a breathing dissorder

40
Q

Halbuminuria

A

high levels of albumin

41
Q

ketonuria

A

high levels of Ketones

42
Q

Haematuria

A

high levels of blood

43
Q

What is a value that can confirm a renal function?

A

Creatinine

44
Q

Hyperkalaemia

A

high K levels in your blood

45
Q

Hyperphosphataemia

A

abnormal high levels of phosphate in the blood strem

46
Q

Anemia

A

condition in which you lack enough healthy RBC, no oxygen, no EPO

47
Q

Why do patients with renal failure have bone problems?

A

Because they don’t have vitamine D, meaning bones cannot calcificate

48
Q

HaemodralysIs

A

machine that cleans the blood from toxins and from substances that shouldn’t be there

49
Q

ESKD

A

End Stage Kidney Disease

50
Q

How is ESKD associated with uraemic syndrome ?

A

Is extra urea = skin problems, inflamation of the brain tissue

ISP (4 decks)

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