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Diabetes / acid base Flashcards

1
Q

HCT

A

Hematocrit,% of red cells in your blood

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2
Q

GFR

A

Glomerular Filtration Rate

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3
Q

HB1Ac

A

Haemoglobin 1Ac, is the amount of glucose of the last 2-3 months

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4
Q

How to know if someone has diabetes based on the HB1Ac ?

A

You can develop Type 2 diabetes if you have 6.5%

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5
Q

How to know if it’s diables Type I ?

A
  • Is an autoimmune disorder,where cells attack the endocrineus system,pancreas is notable to produce insulin cells
  • Damage of T and B cells
  • You can get diabetes after a viral infection
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6
Q

Method to confirm diabetes specifically type1

A

Random Sugar Test Imade in a normal blood test)

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7
Q

Other methods to confrm diabetes

A
  • fasting blood glucose test
  • oral glucose tolerance test
  • glycated haemoglobin ( HB1Ac )
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8
Q

Endogenous Insulin Production on diabetes Type I

A

secrete low levels

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9
Q

Onset speed on Diabetes type I

A

few weeks or months

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10
Q

Typical age of onset diabetes type l

A

early age

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11
Q

Percent population with diabetes type I

A

10-15%

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12
Q

Body habitus ondiabetes type I

A

thin or average body

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13
Q

treatments for diabetes type I

A

insulin injection

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14
Q

What to look in a diabetes type I patient?

A

look for antibodies

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15
Q

Endogenous Imsullin Production on cdiabetes type 2

A

not atected

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16
Q

Onset speed of diabetes type 2

A

Adults over 30 yrs

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17
Q

Percent of diabetic 2 population

A

90-95%

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18
Q

Body habitus in diabetes type 2

A

obese

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19
Q

Treatments for diabetes type 2 patients

A

dieting and exexcise

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20
Q

What to look for in a diabetic type 2 patient?

A

excess production of insulin

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21
Q

With which other affections is type I and type 2 diabetes related ?

A
  • Polyuria
  • Poydipsia
  • Polyphagia
22
Q

Polyuria

A

excessive urination

23
Q

Polydipsia

A

thirstiness

24
Q

Polyphagia

A

eating excessive amount of food

25
What is the use at the name specific gravity?
density measure for liquids
26
Why are ketones present in the urine?
Because there is no insulin and ketones are produced to compensate
27
What are the consequences at hyper-glycemia
- It can damage your nerves, blood vessels, lissues and organs - Can increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, eye damaging, kidney damaging, non-healing wounds - COMA DEATH
28
What are the consequences of hypo-glycaemia?
- brain blead, heart allack, lost of cognitive functions,aye disease, nerve damage, eye disease and kidney disease - PERMANENT BRAIN DAMAGE
29
ERPF
Execration renal plasma flow
30
RBF
Renal blood flow
31
what is neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy associated to?
Hyperglycemia
32
Neuropathy
Damage or disfunction in for more nerves that typically result in numbness,tingling,muscle weakness and pain in some areas
33
Nephropathy
Kidney failure,GFR increase.
34
Retinopathy
Blured vision, develop eye disease
35
What is the physiologicalp pincipale of the inulin clearance test to measure GFR
When a substance is administrated intravenously and is cleared by the gomerular filtration ; at equilibrium the rate of infusion = the rate of excretion
36
Term for high urea
uremia
37
EPO
Erythropoietin
38
What does law haematocrit (PCV) means?
law EPO
39
hypercapnia
Condition of having high levels of CO2 in the blood caused by an hyperventilation or by a breathing dissorder
40
Halbuminuria
high levels of albumin
41
ketonuria
high levels of Ketones
42
Haematuria
high levels of blood
43
What is a value that can confirm a renal function?
Creatinine
44
Hyperkalaemia
high K levels in your blood
45
Hyperphosphataemia
abnormal high levels of phosphate in the blood strem
46
Anemia
condition in which you lack enough healthy RBC, no oxygen, no EPO
47
Why do patients with renal failure have bone problems?
Because they don't have vitamine D, meaning bones cannot calcificate
48
HaemodralysIs
machine that cleans the blood from toxins and from substances that shouldn't be there
49
ESKD
End Stage Kidney Disease
50
How is ESKD associated with uraemic syndrome ?
Is extra urea = skin problems, inflamation of the brain tissue

ISP (4 decks)

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