Diabetes Flashcards
After meals, GIT prevents hyperglycemia through:
- Slow evacuation of food through stomach
- Slow digestion and absorption by intestines
Liver prevents hyperglycemia?
- Increasing tissue uptake and utilization by activating
glycogenesis, glycolysis and kreb’s cycle
In the case of fasting and hypoglycemia?
Liver activates glycogenolysis and gluconeogensis
The muscle converts glucose to glycogen in the case of ?
hyperglycemia
Fasting depletes ___ and decreases ___
Liver glycogen and decreases muscle glycogen
Exercise depletes ____ and decreases_____
Muscle glycogen and decreases liver glycogen
In the case of hyperglycemia, adipose tissues ____
convert glucose to fats through glycerol-3- phosphate
In the case of hyperglycemia, the kidney_____
- ## maintains blood glucose by preventing its loss in urine (if not exceeding normal value)
(KIDNEY) In prolonged fasting, glucose is generated by ____
gluconeogenesis
is the blood glucose level above
which glucose appears in urine.
Renal Threshold Of Glucose
What is the normal renal glucose threshold ?
180mg/dl (9.9mmol/L)
In some cases glucose appears in urine even when blood glucose level is 100 mg/dl or
normal. This may occur in:-
1-Renal glucosuria due to congenital or renal damage. (Diabetes innocence).
2- Defect in tubular enzymes for glucose reabsorption.
3- Pregnant females: due to change in hormonal cycle
Renal threshold value might reach 220 mg/dl in:
- Diabetic Patients due to renal damage
- Elderly ppl due to decrease GFR rate
Type of diabetes that doesn t involve hyperglycemia or glucosuria
- Caused by defect in action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) cause polyuria > 5
L/day, without hyperglycemia nor glucose in urine.
