Diabetes

Question 1

Cause and effect of type 1 diabetes

Answer 1

Immune system destroys the B-cells
Could also be a viral attack
So no longer able to manufacture enough insulin and can’t store excess glucose as glycogen

Question 2

Type 2 diabetes cause and risk factors

Answer 2

As people age target cells become less responsive to insulin.
Receptors at the liver and muscles decline in numbers and lose ability to respond
Less insulin secreted by beta cells
Obesity
A diet high in sugars
Asia or Afro-Caribbean origin
Family history

Question 3

Treatment for diabetes

Answer 3

Careful Monitoring + control of diet
Match carbohydrate intake with use
Insulin injections
Drugs to slow down absorption of glucose from the digestive system

Question 4

Advantages of using insulin from genetically engineered bacteria

Answer 4

Exact copy of human insulin so faster acting and more effective
Less chance of rejection from an immune response
Lower infection risk
Cheaper
Adaptable to demand
Less likely to have moral objections

Question 5

Diabetes mellitus

Answer 5

Disease where blood glucose concentrations can’t be controlled effectively