Diabetes

Question 0

What does glucagon do

Answer 0

Primary role is to regulate glucose metabolism

Glucagon increase hepatic glucose output & BS concentration

Question 1

4 types odd cells and fun

Answer 1

1. Alpha cells: produce glucogan
2. Beta cells: insulin & Amylin
3. Delta: cell produce Somatostatin
4. F & G: gastric & pancreatic peptides

Question 2

What is classis anabolic hormone

Answer 2

Insulin, energy storing

Question 3

Mech of insulin secretion

Answer 3

1. Glucose is transported via GLUT2
2. Phosphorylation occurs
3. Ca influx causes release of insulin

K close - membrane depolarization

Question 4

Type I DM

Answer 4

Juvenile
Destruction of beta cells- no circulating insulin
Glyconeogenesis & glycolysis- constant glucose delivery to blood
Adipose tissue- ketones
Metabolic acidosis

Question 5

Type I DM s/s Rx

Answer 5

Tired, unwell, wt loss,
Polyuria, polydipsia
Ketoacidosis

Rx insulin

Question 6

Inhaled insulin

Answer 6

Exubera

Question 7

Rx for hypoglycemia

Answer 7

1mg glucagon IM/SC not for skinny pt

D50 IV

Question 8

Type II. DM

Answer 8

> 90% of diabetes
Insulin production is decreased by 50%
Obesity, genetic predisposition

Question 9

What’s the difference between sulfonamide & biguanides

Answer 9

Sulfonylamides - glyburide - inc release of insulin

Biguanides - metformin - dec hepatic production of glucose

Question 10

Which PO meds for DM don’t depend on functioning pancreas

Answer 10

Biguanides - glucophage

Question 11

Which DM PO med has black box label & why

Answer 11

Avandia - rosiglitozone

Fluid retention, HF