Diabetes 1 Flashcards
How is type 1 diabetes caused?
It is caused by an autoimmune response
Why are the cells starved?
The cells are starved of glucose since there is no insulin to being glucose to the cells.
What do the cells break down?
The cells break down protein and fat into energy, causing ketones to build up = ACIDOSIS
What is the onset of type 1 diabetes
Abrupt and usually diagnosed in childhood not gradually onset like type 2 in adulthood from from lifestyle and dietary habits
What are the signs and symptoms of Type 1 diabetes?
Polyphagia (excessive hunger)\
Polydipsia (excessive thirst)
Polyuria (excessive urination)
What is the treatment of type 1 diabetes?
Only has 1 treatment, insulin. Insulin-dependent for life.
Type 1 diabetes is a chronic condition characterised by the destruction of?
insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, leading to insulin deficiency.
The Anatomy of type 1 diabetes. The pancreas a vital organ in the abdominal cavity that house what?
Houses islets of Langerhans.
Beta cells in islets are responsible for insulin production.
Children’s System Development in Type 1 diabetes is important because it is diagnosed when and requires?
Diagnosed in childhood. Requires vigilant management for optimal growth.
Puberty poses challenges in managing blood glucose levels.
Pathophysiology: relates to Autoimmune response: How do the T cells attack and destroy beta cells?
T cells attack and destroy beta cells.
Results in insulin deficiency.
Disrupts glucose regulation, causing elevated blood glucose levels.
What are the symptoms of type 1 diabetes?
Triad: polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (excessive thirst), Polyphagia (extreme irrestisitble hunger) unexplained weight loss.
Additional symptoms: fatigue, nausea, blurred vision.
Risk Factors:
Genetic predisposition is a significant risk factor.
Environmental triggers, like viral infections, contribute to the autoimmune response.
Treatment/Medication:
*Insulin replacement therapy is crucial.
*Various formulations mimic natural insulin secretion.
*Advanced options: continuous glucose monitoring, and insulin pumps.
