DI Quiz 2 Material Flashcards
Is arterial enlargement present in this image?
No.
Venous enlargement is present
T/F: Left heart failure is much more common than right heart failure
True!
__________ is the growth center for the epiphysis
articular cartilage
__________ is the growth center for the diaphysis
Physis (epiphyseal plate)
T/F: The probability of developing a growth anomaly with a Salter Harris Type I fracture is very high
False
A fracture that goes through the growth plate and down through the epiphysis is a Salter Harris Type _____
III
T/F: Salter Harris Type V fractures are easily diagnosed by radiographs
False
- This kinda blows because the probability of an associated growth anomaly is highest with Salter Harris Type V fractures*
- Fuck, man…*
T/F: This type IV fracture might have resulted from incomplete humeral condyle ossification
Yeah.
The secondary center of bone formation that provides a point for muscle attachment is the:
apophysis
T/F: Panoesteitis occurs mainly in the physis
False
Panoesteitis occurs mainly in the diaphysis
T/F: Osteochondrosis occurs mainly in the epiphysis
True
Majory arteries enter bone through the __________ and may be confused with a fracture
nutrient foramen
T/F: Contrast arthrography is useful when evaluating osteochondrosis
True
Which is the most frequent site of osteochondrosis in the stifle?
lateral trochlear ridge of the femur
What is the most common predilection site for osteochondrosis in the dog?
caudal humeral head
If there is a chondral or osteochondral fragment associated with osteochondrosis, it is then termed:
Osteochondrosis Dissecans (OCD)
T/F: The arrow in this image is pointing out Joint Fragments (mice)
False
This is not a joint fragment! This is a caudal circumflex humeral vessel.
10-month-old lame dog. Diagnosis is:
Osteochondrosis (without joint mice)
Is the star on the medial or lateral side of this joint?
lateral
Identify the structure indicated by the blue arrow on the cranial aspect of the ulna
Olecranon
Identify the structure indicated by the blue arrow on the cranial aspect of the ulna
anconeal process
Identify the structure indicated by the blue arrow on the cranial aspect of the ulna
medial coronoid process
Incongruity is very difficult to diagnose radiographically. What other diagnostic modalities are more accurate?
CT and arthroscopy
What’s that?
Ununited anconeal process
Is ununited anconeal process detected in this image?
No!
This is a normal secondary center. Presence is not a predictor of UAP!
T/F: CT is necessary to diagnose fragmented coronoid process (FCP)
True
Medial coronoid process superimposed on radius and ulna in each view. Fragment plane is rarely struck head-on by x-ray beam.
T/F: New bone formation on the proximal aspect of anconeal process is consistent with ununited anconeal process
False
New bone formation on the proximal aspect of anconeal process is consistent with fractured medial coronoid process
FCP or UAP?
FCP
- Fractured coronoid process*
- Note the new bone formation on proximal aspect of anconeal process. THIS IS NOT UNUNITED ANCONEAL PROCESS*
11-month-old German Shepherd presented with lameness and pain. Based on the image & what you know about bone diseases, what is the most likely diagnosis?
Panosteitis
Note the increased opacity of the medullary cavity
T/F: Panosteitis is associated with ‘shifting leg lameness’
True
4-year-old lame dog. Lameness is most likely due to:
Fragmented medial coronoid process
In the canine tarsus, the most common location for osteochondrosis is:
medial trochlea of the talus
A radiolucent line in the metaphysis that runs parallel to the physis is seen with what disease?
Hypertrophic osteodystrophy
Hypertrophic osteodystrophy: detected or not detected?
Detected!
Which side of this radiograph is the left side?
What disease are we observing in this image?
Legg-Calve-Perthes
- Aseptic necrosis of the femoral head*
- Note the widening of the joint space due to hyperplastic cartilage as well as the deformation of the femoral head*
Tibial Crest Avulsion: detected or not detected?
False
This is a NORMAL tibial crest
Tibial Crest Avulsion: detected or not detected?
True
T/F: Incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle is best seen on lateral radiographic view
False
Can be well defined on a craniocaudal view obliqued 15 degrees craniomedial to caudolateral
T/F: Lysis vs. sclerosis is an important factor that determines aggressiveness
False
Lysis vs. sclerosis is NOT a factor that determines aggressiveness
Aggressive lesion?
no
Aggressive lesion?
Fuck yeah.
- The cortex of the radius is pretty much gone. There’s also a very indistinct transition zone.*
- WOW MOM*
What is the most common primary bone tumor in the dog?
Osteosarcoma
T/F: Hematogenous bacterial osteomyelitis is very common in dogs and cats
False!
Hematogenous bacterial osteomyelitis is very very very very rare in dogs and cats
What are the two most common subungual tumors seen in dogs?
Squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma
T/F: The Salter Harris physeal fracture classification system only applies to skeletally immature patients
True
What is the most common cause of delayed union, malunion, or nonunion in veterinary patients?
Excessive motion at the fracture site
T/F: There will be no observable callus with direct (primary) bone healing
True
Which fracture location heals faster: metaphyseal or diaphyseal?
Metaphyseal
Metaphyseal heals faster than diaphyseal
The vertebral heart scale (select the most correct answer)
- can be used to discriminate enlarged hearts from normal hearts
- is essentially constant in magnitude across all normal dogs
- has no diagnostic relevance
- is most valuable for comparative purposes
is most valuable for comparative purposes
The double-wall sign is caused by enlargement of the:
left atrium
What is the normal relationship between parenchymal pulmonary arteries and veins?
arteries are usually dorsal and lateral to veins
The hyoid bone that divides the guttural pouch into medial and lateral compartments in the horse is the:
stylohyoid
Most likely Dx?
atlantoaxial subluxation
best vizualized on lateral view
Hemivertebra is common in __________ dogs
brachycephalic
T/F: Subchondral bone lysis is commonly seen in degenerative joint disease of the talocalcaneal joint. Degenerative joint disease of the talocalcaneal joint is infrequent
True
A hallmark radiographic sign of diskospondylitis is:
endplate lysis
What is the most common cause of pulmonary arterial enlargement?
heartworm disease
Where are physeal growth abnormalities most common?
Antebrachium (distal radial and/or ulnar physes)
What is the only joint that we can see joint effusion radiographically associated with DJD?
Stifle only!
Joint effusion: detected or not detected?
Detected
fluid in the joint pushes the infrapatellar fat pad cranially and caudally displaces the fascial stripe
Periarticular osteophytes and enthesophytes are most likely to be seen in what joint disease?
Osteoarthritis
T/F: A tear of the cranial cruciate ligament can be diagnosed using radiographs
False
The earliest radiographic sign of canine hip dysplasia is:
joint laxity
