DF9 What Do The Molecules Look Like? Flashcards

1
Q

What are isomers?

A

Two molecules that have the same molecular formula but differ in the way their atoms are arranged.

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2
Q

What is different about isomers?

A

They have different physical and chemical properties.

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3
Q

What are structural isomers?

A

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae.

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4
Q

What are stereoisomers?

A

Compounds with the same structural formula but differ in how their atoms are arranged in space.

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5
Q

What 3 ways can structural isomers arise?

A

Chain isomerism, position isomerism, and functional group isomerism.

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6
Q

What is chain isomerism?

A

Structural isomers that have different arrangements in their chains.

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7
Q

What is position isomerism?

A

Structural isomers that have their functional group situated in different positions.

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8
Q

What is functional group isomerism?

A

Structural isomers that have different functional groups and belong to different homologous series.

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9
Q

What are the two types of stereoisomerism?

A

E/Z isomerism and optical isomerism.

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10
Q

What is E/Z (cis/trans) isomerism?

A

Isomers with atoms bonded together in the same order, but the arrangement of atoms in space is different.

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11
Q

What are E (trans) isomers?

A

Isomers that have the substituted groups with the highest mass on opposite sides of the double bond.

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12
Q

What are Z (cis) isomers?

A

Isomers that have the substituted groups with the highest mass together on the same side of the double bond.

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13
Q

How can you convert an E isomer into a Z isomer?

A

A covalent bond must be broken and another reformed.

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