DF4 (O-Chem Framework, Naming Alkanes/Hydrocarbons)

Question 1

what are aromatic compounds?

Answer 1

if carbon atoms contain a benzene ring

Question 2

what are aliphatic compounds?

Answer 2

when they have no benzene ring

Question 3

what are compounds called if they have a benzene ring?

Answer 3

arenes

Question 4

why are alkanes saturated hydrocarbons?

Answer 4

they have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms possible and no double or triple bonds between carbon atoms

Question 5

what is the general formula for alkanes?

Answer 5

CnH2n+2

Question 6

what is the general formula for cycloalkanes?

Answer 6

CnH2n

Question 7

why do cycloalkanes have fewer hydrogen atoms than straight chain alkanes?

Answer 7

they have an extra carbon double bond

Question 8

what are the formulas for the alkyl groups?

Answer 8

methyl - CH3-
ethyl - CH3CH2-
propyl - CH3CH2CH2-
butyl - CH3CH2CH2CH2-
pentyl - CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2-

Question 9

what is the molecular formula for methane, ethane, propane, and butane?

Answer 9

CH4
C2H6
C3H8
C4H10

Question 10

what is the structural formula for methane, ethane, propane, and butane?

Answer 10

CH4
CH3CH3
CH3CH2CH3
CH3CH2CH2CH3

Question 11

what are the rules for naming alkanes?

Answer 11

find the longest chain of carbons and name it
identify any side chain off the main and name these by adding -yl
state the location of any side chains by prefixing the member of the carbon atom to which the side chain is attached, lowest possible
alphabetical order of side chains
use prefixes if more than one type of side group

Question 12

what characteristic do 1-4 carbons have?

Answer 12

they are colourless gases

Question 13

5–16 carbons are…

Answer 13

colourless liquids

Question 14

16+ carbons are..

Answer 14

waxy solids

Question 15

how do you name branched cycloalkanes?

Answer 15

count the number of carbons in the cyclic structure and find the correct prefix and add -ane to the end of the cycle prefix