Devices, Equipment, Gait deviations

Question 1

What are the reasons for lateral trunk bending during stance?

Answer 1

weak glut med - bend toward weak side

pain in hip

Question 2

What are the reasons for backward trunk lean during stance?

Answer 2

weak glut max

difficulty going up stairs/ramps

Question 3

What are the reasons for forward trunk lean during stance?

Answer 3

weak quads

hip and knee flexion contracture

Question 4

What are the reasons for excessive hip flexion during stance?

Answer 4

weak hip extensors

tight hip/knee flexors

Question 5

What are the reasons for limited hip extension during stance?

Answer 5

tight or spastic hip flexors

Question 6

What are the reasons for limited hip flexion during stance?

Answer 6

tight or spastic hip extensors

Question 7

What does an altalgic/painful gait characteristic of?

Answer 7

stance time shrotened on painful side

step length shortened on non-painful side

Question 8

What are the reasons for excessive knee flexion during stance?

Answer 8

weak quads
knee flexor contracture
difficutly going down stairs/ramps

Question 9

What are the reasons for knee hyperextension during stance?

Answer 9

weak quads
PF contracture
extensor spasticity

Question 10

What are the reasons for toes first/contact before heel?

Answer 10

weak DF
spastic or tight PF
shortened leg, painful heel, positive support reflex

Question 11

What are the reasons for foot slap?

Answer 11

weak DF or hypotonia

Question 12

What are the reasons for foot flat / entire foot contacting ground during stance?

Answer 12

weak DF, limited ROM, immature gait in toddlers

Question 13

What are the reasons for excessive DF (calcaneus gait)?

Answer 13

weak PF

Question 14

What are the reasons for excessive PF (equiuns gait)?

Answer 14

spasticity or contracture of PF

poor eccentric contraction and advancement of tibia

Question 15

What are the reasons for supination during stance?

Answer 15

spastic invertors
weak evertors
pes varus
genu varum

Question 16

What are the reasons for pronation during stance?

Answer 16

weak invertors
spasticity
pes valgus
genu valgum

Question 17

What are the reasons for toe clawing during stance?

Answer 17

spastic toe flexors
hyperactive plantar grasp reflex
poor balance

Question 18

What are the reasons for inadequate push off?

Answer 18

weak PF
decreased ROM
pain in forefoot

Question 19

What are the reasons for insufficient forward pelvic rotation during swing?

Answer 19

weak abdominals

weak flexors

Question 20

What are the reasons for insufficeint hip and knee flexion?

Answer 20

weak hip and knee flexors

inability to lift leg and move it forward

Question 21

What are the reasons for circumduction?

Answer 21

weak hip and knee flexors

Question 22

What are the reasons for hip hiking?

Answer 22

weak hip and knee flexors

extensor spasticity

Question 23

What are the reasons for excessive hip and knee flexion / high stepping?

Answer 23

weak DF

Question 24

What are the reasons for insufficient knee flexion during swing?

Answer 24

extensor spasticity
pain/decreased ROM
weak HS

Question 25

What are the reasons for excessive knee flexion during swing?

Answer 25

flexor spasticity

flexor withdrawal reflex

Question 26

What are the reasons for foot drop/equinus gait during swing?

Answer 26

weak or delayed contraction of DF

spastic PF

Question 27

What are the reasons for varus or iinverted foot during swing?

Answer 27

spastic iinvertors (ant tib)
weak peroneals
abnormal synergistic pattern

Question 28

What are the reasons for equinovarus during swing?

Answer 28

spasticity of pot tib and/ot gastrocsoleus

abnormal development