Deviance, Crime Flashcards by Devanshi Pandit

Deviance

when someone departs from a norm and has a negative reaction from others
personal ex. apparently hating on pizza with pineapples is the ‘norm’ but I have deviated from such ‘norms’ –> PINEAPPLE PIZZAS FOR THE WIN

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Social Control

ways in which members of social groups express their disapproval of ppl and behaviour

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Objective Character of Deviance

particular ways of thinking, acting, and being

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Subjective Character of Deviance

the moral status accorded such thoughts, actions and characteristics

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T/F: Deviance is not an intrinsic attribute –> product of social processes

TRUE

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Moral entrepreneurs

people/groups that publicize/problematize wrongdoing and have the power to create and enforce rules to penalize wrongdoing

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Moral panic

media fuelled public fear and overreaction lead authorities to label and express deviants

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“Labeling Theory” (Becker) or “Making up People” (Hacking)

when people get criminalized through contact of the criminal justice system

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The Other

image made by dominant culture to label the minority cultures

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The Self is the ___________ and the Other is the _________

familiair;strange

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racializing devicance

making ethnic/race background o characteristic of deviance

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racial profiling

action undertaken for reasons of safety and security/public protection and relies on race/religion/colour stereotypes

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Crime

deviance that breaks law

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law

norm that is enforced by government

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informal punishment

mild sanction imposed during face-to-face interaction –> JUDICIAL SYSTEM NOT INVOLVED

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formal punishment

when the judicial system penalizes someone for breaking the law

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social diversions

minor acts of deviance –> perceived generally harmless

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social deviatons

noncriminal departures from norms –> some people make a big deal out of this, others don’t care as much

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conflict crimes

illegal acts most people consider as BAD and harmful.

SOME ppl don’t think these acts are that harmful

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consensus crimes

illegal acts –> everyone agrees its bad. ex. murder

- state gives severe punishment

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criminology

study of crime causation, prevention and punishment

victimless

crimes where no victim steps forward and is identified

violent crimes

physical harm involved

property crimes

offences at someone’s property

crime rate

number of criminal incidents reported to police

white-collar crime

criminal offences involved misappropriation of financial resources

corporate crime

criminal offences made by organizations/employees during their employment

organized crime

two or more people planning something evil together

cybercrime

criminal activity using a computer | sidenote: can I hack into TopHat, and shut it down? would be amazing

Criminal Profiles" Sex

mostly males are accused (80%)

Criminal Profiles: age

15-24 years of age range are more prone to criminal behavior | hmmm well thenn

Criminal Profiles: Race

indigenous people compose for 27% in custody

Punishment: Deterrence

legal and criminological concept that punishment should prevent crime

Capital punishment

death. (penalty for criminal behaviour)

Rehabilitation

idea where punishment should reform criminals into better people

Parole

release of a prisoner BEFORE completion of a sentence on the promise of good behaviour

Prisonization (theory)

degradation of prisoners, prison life socialization and their inability to function effectively outside prison

Recidivism

prisoners who re-offend multiple times

Bodily behaviour (Michel Foucault)

regulation strategies that use power to reduce people into 'docile' bodies through punishment --> basically making a person into a robot via punishment

surveillance

close observation

Restorative justice

approaches aimed to ensure criminal takes responsibility for their actions and that victim/community is restored to healthy state

Our current system is a system of ___________ _____________

retributive justice

``` based on punishment of criminals rather than rehabilitation THREE QUESTIONS ASKED: - what law was broken - who broke it - what punishment is warranted ```

What questions are asked in restorative justice systems?

- who was harmed? - what are the needs/responsibilities of all affected? - how do the parties together address needs and repair harm?

Durkheim

- indicated deviance comes from anomie

classic strain theory (merton)

causes of deviant behavior comes from patterns of social life --> external but affect individuals

Institutionalized goals

goals that we are supposed to aspire to in society | my goal is to not fail Soc 100

legitimate means

socially accepted way of getting wealth, power and prestige

What theories are part of Symbolic Interactionism?

- cultural support theory --> people become deviant due to learning experience - labelling theory (becker) - theory of stigma (goffman) - the 'other'

What theories come under Conflict Theory?

- criminogenic environments --> environments where laws privileging certain groups contribute to criminal behavior - feminist perspective --> critical view on victimization/victim-blaming