Developmental Stages In Kids Flashcards
2-4 M- what do we look for?
Gross motor control
Moro, grasp, stepping, atonic neck reflex, lifts head briefly when sitting up.
❌Warning- assymetry/ abscence of primitive reflexes.
Fine motor and vision
Stares intently
Follows moving object or face by turning head 90* arc
❌Warning- persistent squint
Speech, language and hearing ❌Warning- no response to loud noises. Stills to mothers voice Starles to loud noises Sqeals with pleasure
Social behaviour and play ❌w- not smiling
Smiles and coos resdponsivley
What should you expect by 6-9M?
Gross motor ❌❌ - persistent primitive reflexes
Lifts head up, weight on hands, can roll over.
Sits w/o support,crawls, can pull to stand up, can wt bear on legs when standing.
FM+V
❌❌ persistent hand preferance at
10-12M- what do you expect?
Gross Motor ❌❌ immature grasp/ asymmetry of grasp, no sitting or wt bearing.
Reaches behind, cruises round furniture, walks alone but unsteadily w/ broad gait and hands apart.
Fine motor + vision
❌❌ holds object close to eyes.
Throws object, watches them fall, picks up crumbs from carpet, bangs bricks together.
Speech, language + hearing
❌❌ no frequentl babble by 10/12
Understands some words, uses mama, dada disciminately, uses 2-3 words, shakes head for ‘No’.
Social beh + play
❌❌ constant mouthing
Comes when called, lets go on request, finds hidden objects, waves bye bye. Drinks from cup.
13-18M - what should we expect?
Gross motor❌❌ not walking- consider muscular atrophy
Walks well, carries toys, climbs stairs, climbs into chair.
Fine motor and vision
❌❌ abscent pincer grip
Neat pincer grip: picks up threads, pins.
Scribbles using fist. Builds tower of 3-4x1 (2.5cm), turns 2 pages at a time.
Speech, lamguage and hearing
❌❌ drools, no words, not understanding commands.
Points on parts of body on request. Obeys single commands, 6 words.
Social behav + play ❌❌ not interacting appropriately
Lifts cups, drinks and puts down safely, spoon- feeds self, pulls at dirty nappy, domestic mimicry, finger feeding.
2-2.5 Y- what should we expect?
Gross motor- ❌❌ unsteady in feet
Runs, kicks ball, jumps on the spot, walks down stiars 2 feet per tread.
Fine motor + vision
❌❌ parental concerns
Turns 1 page at a time, imitates straight and horizontal line and a circle. Unscrews lids, builds tower -6-8 cubes
Speech, hearing and language
❌❌ lack of understanding of speech, no phrases by 2.5 years.
Phrases of 2-3 words, gives names, 50+ words.
Social behav + play
❌❌ parental concerns
Plays alone, tantrums, demanding, dry by day, puts on shoes and pants, turns door handles, uses spoon and fork, shows intesrest in other childern.
3-3.5Y milestones
Gross motor- ❌❌ clumpsy (motor cause)
Stands on one leg for a few seconds, peddles tricycle, adult ascent of stairs, jumbs off from step.
Fine motor ❌❌ clumpsy- visual cause
Mature pen grasp, copies + O
Correctly matches 2+ colours
Tower of 9x1 cubes
Speech, language, hearing
❌❌ no phrases, echolalia
Gives full name + sex, counts to 10, uses plurals, understands prepositions, 3-5 word sentences.
Social behav + play
❌❌ persistent daytime wetting/ soiling
Uses toilet unassisted, except wiping bottom, dresses and undresses with minimum assistance, ‘why’ questions, nursery rhymes, uses knife and fork, plays w/ peers.
4-5 Y
Gross motor- any parental concerns ❌❌
4 years- climbs trees and ladders, enjoys ball games,
5Y- hops, skips, jumbs 3 steps,ncatches ball.
Fine motor and vision- ❌❌ any parental concerns
Matches 4 colours,
4years- 3 steps with 6 cubes
5 Years- 4 steps with 10 cubes, copies cross, square, triangle.
5Y- draws a recognisable man.
Speech, language + hearing
❌❌ ungrammatical speech, unable to give name and address.
4Y- counts to 10
5Y- counts to 20
Asks meaning of abstract words, transient stammer from urgency to speak is common.
Social ❌ socially isolated or bullied. Wipes own bottom, eats using fork and knife, dresses unaided expect tie and laces. Imaginative play Seperates from mother.
How do we measure growth development?
Measurements of height, Weight and head circumference if
What are the first signs of puberty?
F- breast development
Height sprut starts shortly after breast develooment.
M- testicular enlargment >4ml
Almost 18M after first signs.
How do you calculate height velocity?
Sensitive indicator of growth failure.
2 accurate measurements at least 6M but preferably 1 year apart allow calculation in cm/year.
Plotted at midpoint of child velocity chart.
Height centile compared to weight centile to estimate their genetic target centile and range calculated from the height of the parents.
Average of 2 + 7cm.
