Developmental pyschology Flashcards
what are the 4 stages of development?
pre-natal, childhood, adolescence, adulthood
when is the pre natal stage between?
conception-birth
when is the childhood stage?
birth-12 years
when is the adolescence stage?
13-19 years
when is the adulthood stage?
20-death
what is a schema?
a mental picture that allows us to understand the world around us
what is assimilation?
where new information the child encounters is merged into an existing schema
what is accomodation?
when the child encounters new info that doesn’t fit into an existing schema so a new one is formed
name the 4 stages of piagets theory of development
sensori-motor, pre-operational, concrete operational, formal operational
what age is the sensori motor stage between?
0-2
what age is the pre-operational stage between?
2-7
what age is the concrete operational between?
7-11
what age is the formal operational between?
11+
what was the piaget study?
a study into the conservation of number
what is a fixed mindset?
thinking that intelligence is inhate and cant be changed
what is a growth mindset?
thinking intelligence can develop over time
what is a visual learner?
learners who process info that they can see better than what they can hear
what is an auditory learner?
learner who process info most effectively by listening
what is a kinaesthetic learner?
learners who process info best when being physically active or engaged
name a criticism of dwecks views on mindset
- the theory places failure firmly on students
- ignores the role of nature
- blame can lead to lower self esteem
what are willinghams views on learning styles?
learning styles are a myth and students learn best when the info has meaning
what does willingham believe is more important in why/how students learn?
they work best when they want to learn and they know its going to be meaningful to them
state a criticism of piagets stages
-underestimating the age that children reach different parts of the stages
-wasnt universal
reductionist
state a criticism of blackwells study
the sample was culturally biased
what was the blackwell study
implicit theories of intelligence predict achievement across adolescent transition, a longitudinal study and intervention
how can teachers encourage a growth mindset?
- teachers cant make assumptions about a students ability through their IQ scores as it does not help them reach their full potential
- teachers must give students the tools they need to succeed
how do you make sure research is ethical?
- you need informed consent
- you need to debrief the participants
- give them the right to withdraw
- protect the participants
what is readiness?
the idea that children arent ready to learn in certain ways until they have reached the relevant developmental stage
what is a synapse?
gap between two nerve cells
what area of the brain controls movement?
cerebellum
how were mindsets measured in blackwells study?
fixed and growth mindsets were measured using a questionnaire
