Developmental milestones Flashcards
When do children begin to produce speech
About one year
By six months, what are children able to do?
Recognize their own name
What do children’s sentences look like the the beginning of their third year?
Two- three words, affirmative, declarative and lack of grammatical endings such as plural markers and past tense markers
What appears in the third and fourth year?
Complex multi- clause sentences
When is it commonly said that language acquisition is completely and why?
During the first four years of life because nothing is missing linguistically from a four year old.
(in weeks) when do infants start to coo
8 weeks
What is the biggest development in the second year?
Vocabulary
What undergoes changes in the second year?
Articulation abilities and underlying phonological representation
What show most obvoius in the third year of a child’s life
The mastery of the grammar of their language
When does laughter emerge in infants?
16 weeks
What appears around the same time that laughter does?
Vocal play
When does reduplicated babbling being?
36 weeks
When does non reduplicated babbling appear?
48 weeks
As early as four weeks what do infants have the ability to do?
They have the ability to discriminate between vowel and consonant contrasts, even between those that are not in their ambient language
When do infant hone in on the specific phonemes for their target language?
By 10-12 months. (they still can do it at between the ages of 6-8 months)
When are the effects of the target language on vowel perception usually shown?
As young as six months. The ability to distinguish between vowels declines before consonants
When do the effects of tone perception appear? And does this apply to all languages?
By nine months English speaking children have declined in their ability to distinguish between different tones. but this is not turn for children whose target language is a tonal language, such as Chinese
Are the effects of the early experience in the target language absolute, once the skills of distinguishing other phonetic features are gone are they lost?
No this is not absolute - some contrast still remain easy and others can be improved with training.
When does the first word appear and what is this related to?
The first word appears around the child’s first birthday which is around the same time they have finished honing in on all of the phonetical relevant stuff to their target language
Is phonetic learning complete on the production of the first word?
No… Children are still reorganizing their phonemic inventory well into their second year, but it is focused on their target language
When do children sound like adults in their phonology?
By age seven
