Developmental Milestones Flashcards
Fields of development?
- gross motor
- vision and fine motor
- hearing, speech and language
- social, emotional and behavioural
What are the primitive reflexes?
- moro
- grasp
- rooting
- stepping response
- asymmetrical tonic neck reflex
- sucking reflex
What are the postural reflexes?
- labyrinthine righting
- postural support
- lateral propping
- parachute
Moro reflex?
sudden extension of the head causes symmetrical extension, then flexion of the arms
Grasp reflex?
flexion of fingers when an object is placed in the palm
Rooting reflex?
head turns to the stimulus when touched near the mouth
Stepping response?
stepping movements when held vertically and dorsum of feet touch a surface
Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex?
lying supine, the infant adopts an outstretched arm to the side to which the head is turned
Sucking reflex?
child sucks when nipple/teat place in their mouth
Labyrinthine righting?
head moves in opposite direction to which the body is tilted
Postural support?
when held upright legs take weight and baby may push up (bounce)
Lateral propping?
in sitting the arm extends on the side to which the child falls as a saving mechanism
Parachute?
when suspended face down, the baby’s arms extend as though to save himself
Gross motor development (median ages)?
- newborn
- limbs flexed, symmetrical posture
- marked head lag on pulling up - 6-8 weeks : raises head 45 degrees in prone
- 6-8 months : sits with support
- 6 months sits with round back
- 8 months sits with straight back - 8-9 months : crawling
- 10 months : stands independtly and cruises around furniture
- 12 months : walks unsteadily, broad gait and hands apart
- 15 months : walks steadily
Vision and fine motor development? (median ages)
- 6 weeks - follows moving object or face by turning head
- 4 months - reaches out for toys
- 4-6 months - palmar grasp
- 7 months - transfers toys from one hand to another
- 10 months - mature pincer grip
- 16-18 months - makes marks with crayon
- 2-5 years - ability to draw without seeing how it is done and can copy 6 months earlier