developmental disorders

Question 1

developmental disorders

Answer 1

conditions characterised by a variety of impairments
begin during development and can impact day to day functioning

Question 2

autism

Answer 2

700k in UK
cause - unknown - likely genetic or environmental?
symptoms - behavioural
social impairments - lack interest, lack convos and eye contact

Question 3

spectrum of autism

Answer 3

individuals diffs.
high functioning - perform day to day, verbal - weird speech sometimes, literal figures of speech, social/emotional diff, hard to interact
low functioning - support needed, non verbal, severe behavioural challenges

Question 4

stereotypical behaviours of autism

Answer 4

obsessive interests, repetitive behaviours, stimming(hand flapping/ spinning) soothes, bad response to change, evident from young, large adverses in behaviour tho

Question 5

life issues with autism

Answer 5

sensory issues=meltdowns, social anxiety, social problems(bullying etc), lack social skills, lack of understanding, seen as less caring

Question 6

emotion recognition within autism

Answer 6

control - biased to faces
autism - not interested
struggle to perceive emotions and view individuals less

Question 7

eye tracking in autism

Answer 7

gaze behaviour- where the person seeks info
autism looks more at objects/ parts of body over core features(eyes and mouth)

Question 8

ERP’s in autism

Answer 8

delayed response to seeing faces due to gaze, prevents ability to draw out info

Question 9

robots and autism

Answer 9

eye tracking - autism group behaved how control group would towards humans with robots - eye contact.

Question 10

cartoons and autism

Answer 10

interest in watching cartoons - because does not look like normal human face, fewer social demands.
anime - enhanced features and expressions

Question 11

theory of mind and autism

Answer 11

autistic children do not understand the theory of taking another’s perspective- 80% failed a task where someone tricked the other by moving an object while they did not see it
known as “mind blindness” cannot imagine another’s state of mind

Question 12

williams syndrome

Answer 12

rare genetic disorder
only 420 adults 18+ on uk database
distinctive facial features, health issues, impaired verbal and spatial ability

Question 13

social profile of williams syndrome

Answer 13

hypersocialable- friendly, interest in faces
lack stranger danger, vulnerable, need cared for
sensitive and empathetic
= high anxiety levels

Question 14

amygdala differences in williams syndrome

Answer 14

emotional processing
- under activity to fearful faces, over activity to happy faces

Question 15

online safety around williams syndrome

Answer 15

more likely to agree to engage is socially risky activity

Question 16

EEG and williams syndrome

Answer 16

high alpha waves at rest shows low control and preventing cog activity
during cog processing - lack of alpha waves makes it hard for the tasks demands
explains atypical social approach