Developmental bio - key terms

Question 1

deutero

Answer 1

second

Question 2

diplo

Answer 2

two

Question 3

zoa

Answer 3

life

Question 4

blast

Answer 4

bud (embryonic/precursor)

Question 5

noto

Answer 5

back

Question 6

meta

Answer 6

after

Question 7

chord

Answer 7

string/rope

Question 8

uro

Answer 8

tail

Question 9

cephalo

Answer 9

head

Question 10

echino

Answer 10

spiny/prickly

Question 11

induction

Answer 11

cell-cell signalling
results in one cell or group of cells effecting a developmental change in the other

Question 12

morphogenesis

Answer 12

process by which form is generated

Question 13

gastrulation

Answer 13

morphogenetic process by which diff layers in embryo reach their final position

Question 14

neurulation

Answer 14

morphonegeneticc process by which nervous system forms
(especially formation of neural tube)

Question 15

blastomere

Answer 15

cell in early embryo

Question 16

fate map

Answer 16

assessment of fat of cell based of lineage labelling
(part of descriptive bio)

Question 17

specification map

Answer 17

assessment of what cell will form if removed from embryonic environment
(part of experimental bio)

Question 18

determined

Answer 18

a cell/tissue that will still develop according to its fate, regardless of being transplanted

e.g. dorsal lip of blastopore fated to become notochord even if tranplanted in to the ventral side of the embryo

Question 19

mosaic development

Answer 19

a result of automomous specification of a cell’s fate,

do not rely on cell-cell communication to achieve their normal fate
(shown when fate map is equivalent to the specification map)

most common mechanism by which this occurs is through the asymmetric inheritance of cytoplasmic determinants.

Question 20

regulative inheritance

Answer 20

cells will receive signals or instructions from its environment

(shown when fate map not equivalent to specification map)

most common mechanism by which this occurs is through cell-cell communication or induction

Question 21

organiser

Answer 21

dorsal mesoderm turns ectoderm to become neural and mesoderm to become muscle