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PNCB PC > Developmental, Behavioral and Mental Health #1 > Flashcards

Developmental, Behavioral and Mental Health #1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most ideal parenting style?

A

Authoritative

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2
Q

What is bullying?

A

A repetitive and aggressive peer abuse where there is power imbalance

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3
Q

How can children that are being bullied present?

A

Vague somatic complaints and an increase in school absenteeism

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4
Q

Characteristics of bullies

A

Impulsive, easily frustrated, and positive attitude toward violence

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5
Q

Bullying Management

A

-Introduce concept to parents @6 year visit
-NO group therapy, mediation, or suspension
-Parents should not confront parents of bully

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6
Q

What is the most common ACE (adverse childhood event)?

A

Economic hardships and divorce/separation of caregivers

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7
Q

What is ASD?

A

Developmental disorder that affects communication/ behavior (generally appear in the first 2 years of life)

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8
Q

ASD etiology and incidence?

A

Etiology: Genetic/EV, highly inheritable
4x more common in boys

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9
Q

ASD presentation:

A

Delays in language/play/social interactions before 3 years considered diagnostic criteria

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10
Q

ASD diagnostic criteria:

A
  • Persistent deficit in social comm/interaction across multiple settings
  • Lack of social reciprocity
  • Lack of nonverbal comm (gestures, facial expressions, abnormal eye contact)
  • Repetitive movements
  • Inflexible adherence
  • Highly fixed interests
  • Over-response or lack of to EV stimuli
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11
Q

ASD Diagnostics:

A
  • EEG for seizures/lang delay
  • CMO or WES
  • Urine AA+organic acids; met screen for PKU
  • DNA probe for Fragile X
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12
Q

ASD Treatment:

A

Screening, developmental surveillance, developmental screening @9/18/30 mos, ASD specific screening @18/24 mos

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13
Q

What are some ADHD risk factors?

A
  • Delayed CNS maturation
  • Genetics
  • Pre/post- natal trauma/illness
  • Dysfunction of catecholamine neurotransmitters
  • Preemies, LBW, prenatal tobacco exposure
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14
Q

Does a child’s impulsivity and hyperactivity persist into adolescence?

A

No, but inattention does

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15
Q

ADHD Diagnostic Criteria (INATTENTION):

A

Frequently…
- does not pay attention to details, careless mistakes
- trouble paying attention
- appears to not be listening
- difficulty completing instructions or finishing activities
- trouble organizing tasks and activities
- avoid tasks requiring sustained mental effort
- loses necessary objects
- easily distracted
- forgetful

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16
Q

ADHD Diagnostic Criteria (HYPERACTIVITY AND IMPULSIVITY):

A

Frequently…
- fidgets
- will climb/ run inappropriately
- unable to quietly play or partake in leisurely activities
- “on the go”
- blurt out answer before end of question
- cannot wait for their turn
- will interrupt others during conversation/game playing

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17
Q

ADHD diagnostics:

A

History and PE (full neuro exam), lead, genetics, standardized tools

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18
Q

ADHD Standardized assessment tools

A
  • Connor’s abbreviated parent-teacher questionnaire
  • Vanerbilt
  • SNAP-IV
  • ACTeRS (teachers and parents)
  • CHild behavior Checklist
  • BASC
  • ADHD Rating scale-ICV
  • Brown ADD scales
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19
Q

ADHD Treatment:

A

Behavioral therapy and medication, structured environment

20
Q

ADHD Pharmacotherapy:

A
  • Methylphenidate: 20-30 min before meals and NO PM dose
  • Dextroamphetamine: rapid response
  • Atomoxetine: NONSTIMULANT and LESS INSOMNIA
21
Q

What are the unacceptable side effects of ADHD medications?

A

Insomnia and growth retardation

22
Q

What is Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD)?

A

Fearful of separation from attachment figures

23
Q

What risk factors are related to SAD?

A

A significant life stressor, genetics, personality, overprotective parents

24
Q

What is General Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?

A

A disorder where a child is anxious or worried

25
Q

What are possible treatment options for GAD?

A

Developmental history/early intervention; CBT, parent-child interaction therapy, SSRI’s

26
Q

What is Social Anxiety Disorder (social phobia)?

A

Persistent fear of embarrassment, ridicule, or humiliation in social settings

27
Q

What are possible treatment options for Social Anxiety Disorder (social phobia)?

A

Developmental history/early intervention; CBT, parent-child interaction therapy, SSRI’s

28
Q

What is Panic Disorder?

A

Unexpected and repeated periods of intense fear or discomfort

29
Q

What are possible treatment options for Panic Disorder?

A

Developmental history/early intervention and utilize Spence Children’s Anxiety Schedule; CBT, parent-child interaction therapy, SSRI’s

30
Q

Characteristics of Depression

A

Behavioral pattern lasting at least 2 weeks characterized by irritability, social withdrawal and decreased pleasure

31
Q

MDD

A

Significant distress/interference with normal function lasting at least 2 weeks

32
Q

Depression Diagnostics

A

History, PE-neuro eval, early screening (MFQ-I, PHQ-A)

33
Q

Depression Treatment

A

Screening questionnaires, psychotherapy, pharmaco (SSRI’s - fluoxetine and escitalopram)

34
Q

Suicidal Behavior Diagnostics

A

History, observation; screening tools ASQ (10-21), RSQ (8-18), C-SSRS (7+), MFQ-SI (7-17), PHQ-A (12-18)

35
Q

What is the SAFE-T assessment?

A
  • ID risk factors
  • ID protective factors
  • Conduct suicide inquiry
  • Determine risk level and intervention
  • Document
36
Q

ODD is characterized as

A

Anger/irritable mood with defiant/argumentative behaviors for >6 mos

37
Q

When evaluating ODD what is key to evaluate the behavior?

A

History

38
Q

ODD treatment:

A

Parent management therapy and CBT

39
Q

IED is characterized as

A

Children 6+ years that have behavioral outbursts leading to verbal and physical aggression

40
Q

IED Treatment:

A

CBT and relaxation techniques

41
Q

IED presentation

A

Outbursts last <30min and occur following a minor provocation

42
Q

Conduct disorder

A

A group of problematic behaviors

43
Q

CD management

A
  • DO NOT prescribe antipsychotics unless they have psychosis
  • Parent management therapy
44
Q

Can we diagnose a child with PICA <2 years of age?

A

NO, it is developmentally appropriate

45
Q

PICA management

A

FIRST-LINE assess for nutrient and mineral deficiencies

PNCB PC (21 decks)

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