Cardiac #10

Question 1

What are some presenting symptoms for cardiac disease?

Answer 1

color changes, feeding difficulties, G&D delays, resp symptoms

Question 2

S1 marks the beginning of what heart sound and what valve actions?

Answer 2

Beginning of systole AND closure of mitral/tricuspid (atrium into ventricle valves)

Question 3

S2 marks the beginning of what heart sound and what valve actions?

Answer 3

End of systole AND closure of aortic/pulmonic valves (ventricle into PA/aorta)

Question 4

Is physiologic split S2 benign or concerning?

Answer 4

Benign

Question 5

Where is pathologic S2 best heard?

Answer 5

Pulmonic region

Question 6

Where is a fixed split (pathologic S2) often found?

Answer 6

Uncorrected septal defect

Question 7

Where is a paradoxical split (pathologic S2) often found?

Answer 7

LBBB (conditions that delay aortic closure)

Question 8

What are early ejection clicks at the USB indicative of?

Answer 8

DT pulmonary origin or spontaneous closure of VSD

Question 9

Mid to late systolic clicks at the apex are indicative of?

Answer 9

Mitral valve prolapse

Question 10

Should all new born murmurs be referred for cardiac eval?

Answer 10

YES

Question 11

Stills Murmur

Answer 11

Sound: musical/vibratory, soft, medium-pitch
Location/position: apex and LSB in supine position and diminishes or disappears with sitting/standing

Question 12

Pulmonic Outflow Murmur

Answer 12

Sound: short, soft ejection grade II murmur
Location: LUSB, diminishes with sitting/standing

Question 13

Venous Hum

Answer 13

Sound: continuous humming while sitting
Location: diminishes when lying

Question 14

When would a Hemic Murmur occur?

Answer 14

Fever, anemia, exercise

Question 15

What is the most common cause of cardiac arrest?

Answer 15

Cardiovascular disease (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 1/3 of all deaths)