Developmental Aspects of Lung Disease Flashcards
What are the 5 stages of lung morphogenesis?
- Embryonic
- Pseudo-glandular
- Canalicular
- Saccular
- Alveolar
What 2 stages fall into organogenesis?
- Embryonic
- Pseudo-glandular
What 3 stages fall into differentiation?
- Canalicular
- Saccular
- Alveolar
What post-natal lung growth is there?
- Alveolar separation continues
- Continuation in the increase of numbers of alveoli
- Airways double in size
What occurs during the embryonic and pseudo-glandular stages?
- Formation of major airways
- Formation of bronchial tree and portions of respiratory parenchyma
- Birth of the acinus
What occurs during the canalicular stage?
- Last generations of the lung periphery formed
- Epithelial differentiation
- Air-blood barrier formed
What occurs during the saccular stage?
- Expansion of air spaces
- Surfactant detectable in amniotic sac
What occurs during the alveolar stage?
Secondary septation
What can be seen at the embryonic stage?
Lung buds and main pulmonary arteries
Trachea and main bronchi
What can be seen at the pseudo-glandular stage?
All conducting airwys and accompanying vessels form, wall structure and epithelial cells differentiate
What can be seen at the canalicular stage?
Respiratory airways form, blood-gas barrier thins, surfactant appears.
Respiratory bronchiole
Alveolar ducts
What can be seen at the saccular-alveolar stages?
Saccules and then alveoli appear
What congenital lung diseases can occur at the embryonic stage?
- Tracheal, laryngeal stenosis
- Pulmonary agenesis
- Tracheo-oesophageal fistula
What is a trachea-oesophageal fistula?
An abnormal connection between the oesophagus and trachea
What congenital lung diseases can occur at the pseudo-glandular stage?
- Pulmonary sequestration
- Cystadenomatoid malformation
- Cyst formation
