Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Embryology > Development of the Heart > Flashcards

Development of the Heart Flashcards

1
Q

……… gives rise to almost all heart components

A

splanchnopleure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

angiogenesis refers to ………

A

Development of blood and blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

By day ………., the lateral mesoderm has somatopleure and splanchnopleure

A

18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When does the vascular system appear?

A

By the middle of the third week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the formation of the primary heart field

A

Progenitor heart cells lie in the epiblast, immediately adjacent to the cranial end of the primitive streak. From there, they migrate through the streak and into the splanchnic layer of lateral plate mesoderm where they form a horseshoe-shaped cluster of cells called the primary heart field (PHF) cranial to the neural folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the progenitor heart cells migrate and form the PHF during days …….

A

days 14 to 16

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Outlist the parts of the heart derived from the PHF

A
  • the atria
  • left ventricle
  • most of the right ventricle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Mention the remaining parts of the heart derived from the secondary heart fold

A

part of the right ventricle
outflow tract (conus cordis and truncus arteriosus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

………….. form part of the aorta and pulmonary artery

A

conus cordis and truncus arteriosus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The SHF is regulated by …………. that control concentrations of FGFs

A

neural crest cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

the cardiac tube begins to bend on day ………

A

23

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The bending of the cardiac tube creates the …………..

A

cardiac loop.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The bulbus cordis is narrow except for its………..

A

proximal third

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

…………… will form the trabeculated part of the right ventricle

A

Bulbus cordis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

………….. will form the outflow tracts of both ventricles.

A

conus cordis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The distal part of the bulbus, the truncus arteriosus will form ……………..

A

the roots and proximal portion of the aorta and pulmonary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The junction between the ventricle and the bulbus cordis, externally indicated by the …………..

A

bulboventricular sulcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

………… is called the primary interventricular foramen

A

bulboventricular sulcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

……………. begins to form primitive trabeculae at the end of loop formation

A

the smoothwalled heart tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

the smooth-walled heart tube begins to form primitive trabeculae in two sharply defined areas, namely

A

proximal and distal to the primary interventricular foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

the trabeculated proximal third of the bulbus cordis is called the …………….

A

primitive right ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is dextrocardia?

A

A condition where the heart lies on the right side of the thorax instead of the left.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the cause of dextrocardia?

A

It occurs when the heart loops to the left instead of the right.
Dextrocardia may be induced during gastrulation when laterality is established

24
Q

Situs inversus refers to ………….

A

A complete reversal of asymmetry in all organs

25
Q

The conotruncal portion of the heart tube, initially on the right side of the pericardial cavity, shifts gradually to a more medial position. This change in position results from ……………….

A

The formation of two transverse dilations of the atrium, bulging on each side of the bulbus cordis

26
Q

The heart is derived from a part of the mesoderm called the ……….

A

Visceral mesoderm

27
Q

Right and left viteline veins fuse to form ……….

A

Sinus venosus

28
Q

By ………….. week the primitive heart reaches the thorax

A

The beginning of the fourth week

29
Q

The primitive ventricle and primitive atrium are separated by …………

A

Atrioventricular sulcus

30
Q

The the left and right atrium are derived from ………….

A

Primitive atrium

31
Q

The left ventricle is derived from …………

A

The primitive ventricle

32
Q

The Bulbus cordis gives rise to ……….

A

The right ventricle and outflow tracts

33
Q

………… grows downward to create two separate chambers, and close the ostium primum

A

Septum primum

34
Q

……….. is referred to as the first opening

A

Ostium primum

35
Q

After the septum secundum covers the ostium secundum a small opening called ……………. Is left

A

Foramen ovale

36
Q

A hole that appears in the upper area of the septum primum is called …………

A

Ostium secundum

37
Q

What is the function of foramen ovale?

A

allows oxygenated blood to bypass the pulmonary circulation from the right atrium to the left during foetal life

38
Q

The SHF appears on days ……..

A

20 to 21

39
Q

The SHF resides on ………..

A

The splanchnic mesoderm ventral to the posterior pharynx

40
Q

Cells of the PHF are induced by ……….

A

Cells of the PHF are induced by the underlying pharyngeal endoderm to form cardiac

41
Q

How are the dorsal aortas formed?

A

Other blood islands appear bilaterally, parallel, and close to the midline of the embryonic shield, forming a pair of longitudinal vessels called the dorsal aortae.

42
Q

How are the endocardia’s tubes formed?

A

the blood islands unite to form the right and left endocardial tubes in the cardiogenic region

43
Q

The cephalic portion of the cardia tube bends ………

A

ventrally, caudally and to the right

44
Q

The caudal portion (atrial portion) of the cardiac tube shifts ………

A

dorsocranially and to the left

45
Q

The cardiac loop formation ends on day …….

A

Day 28

46
Q

Why does the cono-truncal portion of the heart tube shift gradually to a more medial position?

A

This is as a result of two transverse dilations of the atrium on each side of the bulbus cordis

47
Q

the epicardium is formed from ……..

A

Pro-epicardium and mesothelial cells in the outflow tract

48
Q

Coronary arteries originate from……..

A

The endocardium/visceral pericardi

49
Q

Mention the 5 dilations formed from the heart tube (from caudal to cranial)

A

sinus venos
atrium
ventricle
bulbus cordis
truncus arteriosus

50
Q

The smooth part of the right atrium is formed from ……..

A

Sinus venosus

51
Q

Mention the 3 adult structures of the heart formed from the sinus venosus

A

-Smooth part of the right atrium
- Coronary sinus
- oblique vein of the left atrium

52
Q

The trabeculated parts of right and left atria are formed from ……

A

The primitive atrium

53
Q

The trabeculated part of left ventricle is formed from ……….

A

Primitive ventricle

54
Q

The trabeculated part of the right ventricle is formed from ……..

A

Bulbus cordis

55
Q

Mention the adult structures of the heart formed from the bulbus cordis

A
  • Trabeculated part of right ventricle (proximal Cordis) - Outflow part of both ventricles(distal part, Cordis)
56
Q

The root & proximal part of the aorta are formed from …….

A

Turncus arteriosus

Embryology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions