Development of the GTS

Question 1

How did the time scale work in it’s early days and which period is still used today

Answer 1

Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary

Quaternary is the only one used today

Question 2

How were rock varieties described in 1809

Answer 2

Primitive Rocks
Transition
Secondary
Albduvial

Question 3

How did William smiths map impact the world

Answer 3

He has the oldest rocks and the bottom and youngest at the top in his legend.

Question 4

How did Murchisons 5th edition map impact the time scale

Answer 4

Named the Silurian in 1835 and the Permian in 1841

Question 5

How many eons are there and what are they

Answer 5

3 eons
Phanerozoic
Proterozoic
Archean

Question 6

What did Lord Kelvin do for the time scale

Answer 6

He considered that earth started off hot and has cooled since.
Using the geothermal gradian and thermal conductivity he came up with 98Myrs + or - (20-400MA)
This was ultimately wrong

Question 7

Define the Hadean

Answer 7

Hadean=no rocks

while Archean = oldest rocks

Question 8

Why was the GST constructed

Answer 8

In the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, In order to understand where coal deposits are, by understanding the time scale it was easier to predict where certain deposits were located.

Question 9

How does heat work within the earth

Answer 9

Heat is constantly being generated by radioactivity and then is constantly being circulated and recycled by convection

Question 10

Define Proterozoic

Answer 10

About 2 billion years of time, (hadean and Archean put together). Started off as a GSSAs eventually called a GSSPs

Question 11

What is the problem with the pre-Cambrian

Answer 11

Has no official place within the gts anymore,

Question 12

What events happened in the Proterozoic

Answer 12

First multicellular animals
Snowball earth or slushball earth
Grenville orogeny in North America(NA)**
GOE**

Question 13

What is the GOE*** possible question

Answer 13

Biological 02 accumulates in atmosphere

Question 14

What is the Grenville Orogeny in North America(NA)

Answer 14

Massive mountain range that has since eroded

Question 15

What is an orogenic event

Answer 15

Mountain Building event

Question 16

What is the Cryogenian

Answer 16

earth was completely covered in ice, snowball earth

Question 17

What does the term phanerozoic mean

Answer 17

Manifestation of life

Question 18

Development of the Phanerozoic time scale

Answer 18

base of Phanerozoic is defined by a trace fossil

Question 19

Define GSSPs ***test question

Answer 19

Global Boundary Stratotype sections and points

Question 20

When was the First of the big 5 extinctions

Answer 20

Ordovician

Question 21

Why do Adam sedgwick and sir roderick Murchsion matter

Answer 21

Sedgwick named the cambrian in 1835
Murchison named the Silurian in 1835
When they created these periods they realized there was overlap between the two periods, and ended up arguing over this until they died. Then Charles Lapworth named the Ordovician in 1879

Question 22

When did the second of the big five extinctions

Answer 22

also called The reef killer, occurred in the dovonian

Question 23

what are the precision arrows on the gst

Answer 23

they indicate levels of precision in determing approximately when time occurred.

Question 24

What are bases and tops on GST

Answer 24

base is the start of a new period and the end of the old while the top is not defined as the base of the next period is defining the top, as to prevent overlap

Question 25

How is the GST divided into different subsections

Answer 25

Eons, eras, periods, epochs,