Development of Nervous System Flashcards
TRI-LAMINAL DISC GIVES RISE TO WHICH 3 PRIMORDIAL GERM LAYERS
ECTODERM, MESODERM AND ENDODERM
HOW DOES THE NEURAL PLATE FORM
ECTODERM THICKENS ALONG MIDLINE
CELLS RAPIDLY PROLIFERATE TO FORM THE NEURAL PLATE
NEURAL GROOVE
NEURAL PLATE CONTINUES TO THICKEN, CELLS START TO DEPRESS TO FORM THE NEURAL GROOVE AS AN INVAGINATION
NEURAL FOLD CELLS
CELLS THAT ACCUMULATE SYMETRICALLY AND BILATERALLY ON EITHER SIDE OF NEURAL GROOVE
NEURAL TUBE AND NEURAL CANAL FORMATION
NEURAL GROOVE CONTINUES TO DEEPEN AND EVENTUALLY CLOSES
NEURAL TUBE DEVELOPS INTO WHAT
BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD
NEURAL CANAL DEVELOPS INTO WHAT
VENTRICLE OF BRAIN AND CENTRAL CANAL OF SPINAL CORD
WHAT OCCURS AT THE MOST CRANIAL POINT OF THE NEURAL TUBE AS IT CONTINUES TO CLOSE
THREE DISTINCT EXPANSIONS
- primary brain vesicles called the prosencephalon, mesencephalon and rhombencephalon.
WHAT DO THE LATERAL PROJECTIONS OF THE CENTRAL CANAL LANDMARK
CALLED SULCUS LIMITANS
EVERYTHING DORSAL IS ALAR PLATE (SENSORY)
EVERYTHING VENTRAL IS BASAL PLATE (MOTOR)
WHAT DOES SONIC HEDGEHOG DO
ASIDE FROM COLLECT RINGS
GENE THAT STIMULATES ARRANGEMENT OF ALAR PLATE AND BASAL PLATE BY AFFECTING THE PROTEIN THAT AFFECTS THEM
NEUROEPITHELIAL OR NEURECTODERMAL CELL
LINING OF WALL OF NEURAL TUBE
GERMINAL CELL LAYER
CELLS UNDERGO DIVISION TO FORM TWO NEW DAUGHTER CELLS PROXIMAL TO THE LUMEN
DAUGHTER CELLS OF THE NEUROEPITHELIA DIFFERENTIATE INTO
GERMINAL LAYER
MANTLE LAYER
MARGINAL LAYER
GERMINAL LAYER ( MOST INTERNAL)
FORM EPENDYMAL CELLS
ONE CELL LAYER THICK
MANTLE LAYER
DIFFERENTIATE INTO NEUROBLASTS AND SPONGIOBLASTS
FORMS GRAY MATTER OF SPINAL CORD, NUCLEI OF BRAIN STEM, NUCLEI AND CORTEX OF CEREBELLUM, BASAL NUCLEI AND CEREBRAL CORTEX
NEUROBLASTS
IMMATURE NEURONS THAT GROW EXTENSIVELY FORMING LONG PROCESSES AND BECOMING FUNCTIONAL NEURONS
SPONGIOBLASTS
PROGENITOR FOR NEUROGLIA
- supporting cells of NS
- astrocytes and oligodendrocytes
MARGINAL LAYER (MOST EXTERNAL)
COMPOSED OF GROWING AXONAL PROCESSES OF NEURONAL CELL BODY
AXONS MYELINATED TO FORM WHITE MATTER TRACKS
WHAT ARE THE LATERAL ENLARGEMENTS THAT DEVELOP IN THE PROSENCEPHALON
OPTIC VESICLES WHICH GROW INTO OPTIC STALK AND OPTIC CUP
PROSENCEPHALON DEVELOPS INTO
TELENCEPHALON AND DIENCEPHALON
DEVELOPMENTS OF ALAR PLATE
MESENCEPHALON DEVELOPS INTO
DOESN’T, STAYS THE SAME
RHOMBENCEPHALON DEVELOPS INTO
METENCEPHALON AND MYELENCEPHALON
MYELENCEPHALON DEVELOPS INTO
MEDULLA OBLONGATA
WHAT IS THE MEDULLA OBLONGATA
CENTER FOR CV AND RESP FUNCTION
CN 6-12 ASSOCIATED
COMPONENT OF BRAINSTEM
WHAT DO LEPTOMENINGES OF CNS DO AND WHERE DO THEY ORIGINATE
ORIGINATE FROM NEURAL CREST AND ADJACENT MESODERM CELLS
CONTAIN MAJORITY OF BLOOD VESSELS SUPPLYING CNS AND ROOTS OF PERIPHERAL NERVES
WHAT IS THE CHOROID PLEXUS OF THE 4TH VENTRICLE RESPONSIBLE FOR
PRODUCTION OF CEREBRAL SPINAL FLUID (CSF)
WHAT IS THE CHOROID PLEXUS
ADJACENT CUBOIDAL EPENDYMAL CELLS, PIA MATER AND CAPILLARY BED HANG DOWN INTO 4TH VENTRICLE TO FORM IT
LATERAL APERTURE OF CHOROID PLEXUS DOES WHAT
ALLOWS COMMUNICATION BETWEEN VENTRICLE AND SUBARACHNOID SPACE
WHAT ARE THE TWO MAJOR DERIVATIVES OF METENCEPHALON
PONS (VENTRAL SIDE)
CEREBELLUM (DORSAL SIDE)
FUNCTION OF PONS
BRIDGE OF FIBERS CONNECTING THE CEREBRAL DOWN TO THE CEREBELLAR CORTEX
FUNCTION OF CEREBELLUM
BALANCE AND COORDINATION, FINE MOVEMENT, INVOLVED IN LEARNING
WHAT CN IS ASSOCIATED WITH METENCEPHALON
CN 5
MESENCEPHALON FORMS FOUR ROUNDED HILLS COLLECTIVELY CALLED
CORPORA QUADRIGEMINA
THE TWO SUPERIOR HILLS OF THE MESENCEPHALON ARE? WHAT DO THEY DO?
THE SUPERIOR COLLICULI
VISUAL REFLEX FUNCTION, VISUAL MOTOR
THE TWO INFERIOR HILLS OF THE MESENCEPHALON ARE? THEY DO?
INFERIOR COLLICULI
AUDITORY REFLEX
FIBER TRACKS COMING DOWN VENTRAL SURFACE OF MESENCEPHALON ARE
CEREBRAL PEDUNCLE
WHAT JOINS THE 3RD AND 4TH VENTRICLE
CEREBRAL AQUEDUCT
WHAT IS SUBSTANTIA NIGRA (BLACK SUBSTANCE)
PIGMENT MELANIN
FIBERS RICH IN DOPAMINE, PROJECT INTO BASAL GANGLIA
WHAT CN IS ASSOCIATED WITH MESENCEPHALON
CN 3 AND 4
WHAT CN IS ASSOCIATED WITH DIENCEPHALON
CN 2
WHAT VENTRICLE IS IN DIENCEPHALON
3RD
LAMINA TERMINALIS IS
MOST ANTERIOR PART OF NEURAL TUBE
WHAT SEPARATES THE 3RD VENTRICLE INTO A SMALL DORSAL AND LARGE VENTRAL COMPONENTS
INTERTHALAMIC ADHESION
WHAT DOES THE EPITHALAMUS DO
MAINTENANCE AND ESTABLISHMENT OF BIOLOGICAL RYTHYM
WHERE IS THE SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEI LOCATED
VENTROLATERALLY IN THE DIENCEPHALON
WHAT IS NEUROHYPOPHYSIS
VENTRAL OUT GROWTH OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS PLUS EXTENSION OF 3RD VENTRICLE
WHAT IS THE THALAMUS
MASS OF NUCLEI
WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF THALAMUS
ALL SENSORY INPUTS TO CEREBRAL CORTEX FIRST GO TO THE THALAMUS EXCEPT OLFACTION
FUNCTIONS OF HYPOTHALAMUS
CONTROL CENTER FOR ANS REGULATE BODY TEMPERATURE PRODUCE ANTERIOR PITUITARY RELEASING HORMONE REGULATE THIRST EFFECT EMOTIONS REGULATE APPETITE AFFECT MATING BEHAVIOUR AFFECT SLEEP MECHANISM MEMORY PRODUCE POSTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONE
HOW MUCH OF THE BRAIN DOES THE TELENCEPHALON ACCOUNT FOR
85%
WHAT CN ASSOCIATED WITH TELENCEPHALON
CN 1
WHAT DO VENTRICLES 1 AND 2 BECOME
LATERAL VENTRICLES OF CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE
WHAT DOES BASAL GANGLIA DO
MODIFY MOTOR ACTION
WHAT IS PUTAMEN
LATERAL ASPECT OF BASAL GANGLIA
WHAT IS GLOBUS PALLIDUS
MEDIAL PART OF BASAL GANGLIA
WHAT IS ARCHICORTEX
OLD CORTEX
WHERE IS THE HIPPOCAMPUS COMPLEX
DEEP INSIDE TEMPORAL LOBE
FUNCTION OF HIPPOCAMPUS
SHORT TERM MEMORY PROCESSING
VISUAL SPECIAL ACUITY
RESET MEMORY FOR LONG TERM MEMORY
WHAT IS THE TOP OF THE FOLD OF CERECRAL HEMISPHERE CALLED? THE BOTTOM?
GYRUS = TOP SULCI = BOTTOM
LOBES OF CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE
PREFRONTAL FRONTAL (PAIN) PARIETAL (SENSORY) OCCIPITAL (VISION) TEMPORAL (HEARING AND BALANCE)
FUNCTIONS OF PREFRONTAL CORTEX
PLANNING AHEAD SEQUENCING EVENTS INITIATIVE JUDGEMENT WORKING MEMORY