Development of Female Reproductive System

Question 1

Gonad differentiation starts due to the arrival of _____________ in the posterior abdominal wall.

Answer 1

Primordial Germ cells

Question 2

The gonads are not differentiated until week __ (5/6/7)

Answer 2

week 6

Question 3

The primordial germ cells arrise from the _________ and then they migrate to the wall of the yolk sac in third week.

Answer 3

epiblast

Question 4

They migrate to the wall of the yolk sac close to the ________ in third week through primitive streak

Answer 4

allantois

Question 5

During the (5th/6th) ____ week of gestation, the primordial germ cells migrate along the dorsal mesentery of hind gut to reach the posterior abdominal wall.

Answer 5

5th week

Question 6

Primordial germ cells stimulate coelomic epithelium to thicken forming a pair of longitudinal ridges on both sides called ____________

Answer 6

Genital Ridges

Question 7

The genital ridges are located ventromedial to the _____________

Answer 7

mesonepric kidneys

Question 8

During the 6th week of gestation, the PGCs stimulate the surface epitelium to form ______________.

Answer 8

Primitive Sex cords

Question 9

The _____________ surround the PGCs

Answer 9

primitive sex cords

Question 10

Due to the formation of primitive sex cords, the gonad has now an outer ________ and an inner ___________.

Answer 10

Cortex/ Medulla

Question 11

The primitive sex cords degenrate into rete ovarii due to the absence of __________ in females

Answer 11

Y chromosome

Question 12

Ovarian development begins in ________ week, while the testes start developing in 7th week.

Answer 12

12th week

Question 13

The primordial germ cells differentiate into primary oocytes and these oocyte stimulate surface epithelium to give rise to ___________.

Answer 13

Cortical sex cords

Question 14

The cortical sex cords continue to proliferate and split into clusters of cells called _____________.

Answer 14

Follicular cells

Question 15

These follicular cells or pregranulosa cells surround the oocyte at week ______, forming primordial follicle.

Answer 15

16

Question 16

The surface epithelium of the ovary gets separated from the primordial follicles by a connective tissue covering called _____________.

Answer 16

Tunica Albuginea

Question 17

The surface epithelium becomes (flat/columnar) ___________ and is continuous with the peritoneum/mesovarium.

Answer 17

flat

Question 18

At _______ week of gestation, male and female embryos begin with two pair of ducts called

1. Paramesonephric ducts (female)
2. Mesonephric ducts (male)

Answer 18

6th

Question 19

The mesonephric ducts degenerate because there are no ___________ in females.

Answer 19

sertoli/ leydig cells that make testosterone

Question 20

The paramesonephric ducts are formed from the longitudinal invaginations of ______________.

Answer 20

surface epithelium

Question 21

the paramesonephric ducts are (medial/lateral) _________ to the mesonephric ducts.

Answer 21

lateral

Question 22

the paramesonephric duct develop from (cranio-caudal/caudo-cranial) ______________ side.

Answer 22

Craniocaudal

Question 23

The caudal ends of the paramesonephric ducts fuse to form ______________.

Answer 23

Uterovaginal primordium

Question 24

The cranial end of the paramesonephric duct form _____________ opening in the abdominal cavity

Answer 24

Indundibulum of the uterine tubes

Question 25

The middle horizontal part of the paramesonephric duct crosses (ventral/dorsal) ____________ to the mesonephric duct.

Answer 25

ventral

Question 26

The developing paramesonephric duct remains uninhibited due to the absense of ________ (hormone)

Answer 26

Antimullerian hormone or Mullerian inhibiting substance

Question 27

_________ (hormone) stimulates the development of the paramesonephric duct.

Answer 27

Estrogen (from placenta and mother)

Question 28

The uterovaginal primordium gives rise to the _________ and ______________

Answer 28

uterus and vagina

Question 29

After fusion of the paramesonephric duct, a broad transverse pelvic fold is established called ___________.

Answer 29

Broad ligament of the uterus

Question 30

the broad ligament forms the _____________ pouch anterior to the uterus and a _____________ pouch posterior to the uterus.

Answer 30

Vesicouterine pouch

Rectouterine pouch

Question 31

Alongsides of the uterus, between the layers of broad ligament, mesenchyme proliferates to form _____________.

Answer 31

Parametrium

Question 32

The fused paramesonephric duct is surrounded by mesenchyme that will give rise to ____________ and _____________

Answer 32

Myometrium and endometrial stroma

Question 33

The perimetrium is continuous with the _____________ on the body of uterus

Answer 33

broad ligament

Question 34

Parametrium is composed of _____________ and (dense/loose) ________ connective tissue

Answer 34

smooth muscles and loose connective tissue

Question 35

The uterovaginal primordium projects into the posterior wall of the urogenital sinus forming a ___________ in the wall of sinus.

Answer 35

Sinus tubercle

Question 36

Solid evaginations grow out from the pelvic part of the sinus called _____________ that will give rise to vaginal plate.

Answer 36

sinovaginal bulb

Question 37

The vaginal plate canalizes at ________ month

Answer 37

fifth

Question 38

The fibromuscular wall of vagina is derived from the ______________.

Answer 38

mesenchyme

Question 39

The lumen of the vagina is separated by ____________ from the cavity of urogenital sinus.

Answer 39

hymen

Question 40

Hymen is made by the invagination of the posterior wall of the urogenital sinus, resulting from the expansion of __________.

Answer 40

vaginal plate

Question 41

Outgrowths from urogenital sinus form ____________ glands in lower third of labia majora.

Answer 41

Greater vestibular glands

Question 42

Outgrowths from the urethra into mesenchyme form bilateral mucus secreting __________ and ______________ glands

Answer 42

urethral and paraurethral glands