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Micro HSB > Development of Digestive System > Flashcards

Development of Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

Main pancreatic duct is formed by the union of the ___ part of the dorsal pancreatic duct and the ___ ventral pancreatic duct.

a. distal, entire
b. proximal, entire

A

a. distal, entire

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2
Q

____ forms most of the head of the pancreas, including the uncinate process.
a. Ventral pancreatic bud
b. Dorsal pancreatic bud

A

a. Ventral pancreatic bud

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3
Q

____ forms the remainder of the pancreatic head, body, tail and neck.

a. Ventral pancreatic bud
b. Dorsal pancreatic bud

A

b. Dorsal pancreatic bud

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4
Q

Which of the following statements best describe annular pancreas?
S1: Results from the growth of a bifid ventral pancreatic bud around the duodenum, parts then fuse with the dorsal bud forming a pancreatic ring
S2: This anomaly can only produce complete obstruction (atresia).

a. Both
b. Neither
c. S1 only
d. S2 only

A

c. S1 only
(It produces complete obstruction / atresia or partial obstruction / stenosis of the duodenum)

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5
Q

Midgut loop will protrude towards the umbilicus (physiologic herniation) happens during what week?
a. 6th week
b. 10th - 12th week
c. 4th week

A

a. 6th week

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6
Q

Herniation of abdominal viscera through an enlarged umbilical ring
a. Inguinal hernia
b. Omphalocele

A

b. Omphalocele

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7
Q

10th – 12th week re-enters abdomen: ___ degree rotation during reduction
a. 180
b. 90
c. 100

A

a. 180 degrees

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8
Q

Meckel diverticulum (Ileal diverticulum) is the persistence of remnant of ___forming an outpouching located on the ileocecal valve on the antimesenteric border of ileum
a. Vitelline duct
b. Pancreatic duct

A

a. Vitelline duct

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9
Q

___ of the hindgut also forms the internal lining of the bladder and urethra
a. Ectoderm
b. Endoderm
c. Mesoderm

A

b. Endoderm

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10
Q

What is the junction that divides the anal canal into superior and inferior?
a. Pectinate line
b. Arcuate line
c. Semilunar line

A

a. Pectinate line

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11
Q

What is the derivative of the inferior anal canal?
a. Hindgut, endoderm
b. Proctodeum, ectoderm
c. Mesoderm

A

b. Proctodeum, ectoderm

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12
Q

Cloaca is the terminal end of the hindgut.
a. True
b. False

A

a. True

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13
Q

Rectal fistula is due to the improper development of ___ septum.
a. Urorectal
b. Urogenital

A

a. Urorectal

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14
Q

What are the causes of Hirschsprung Disease (Congenital Megacolon)?

a. absence of autonomic ganglion cells in
Myenteric and Meissner’s plexuses
b. Failure of neural crest cell migration during 5th – 7th week
c. A only
d. A and B

A

d. A and B

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15
Q

What parts are affected in Hirschsprung’s Disease?
a. Ascending colon
b. Rectum
c. Sigmoid colon
d. B & C

A

d. B & C

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16
Q

The ventral mesentery persists in the region of the
a. Stomach and duodenum
b. Colon only
c. Jejunum and ileum
d. Liver and stomach

A

d. Liver and stomach

17
Q

The primary intestinal loop rotates around the
___?
a. Inferior mesenteric artery
b. Portal vein
c. Celiac trunk
d. Superior mesenteric artery

A

d. Superior mesenteric artery

18
Q

The appendix develops from:
a. A diverticulum of the cecum
b. The foregut
c. The cloaca
d. The hindgut

A

a. A diverticulum of the cecum ✓

19
Q

The primitive gut tube develops from the
a. Ectoderm
b. Neural crest cells
c. Mesoderm
d. Endoderm

A

d. Endoderm

20
Q

The main pancreatic duct of Wirsung primarily develops from the
a. Dorsal pancreatic bud
b. Neither bud
c. Both buds
d. Ventral pancreatic bud

A

d. Ventral pancreatic bud

21
Q

Which part of the duodenum is classified as both foregut and midgut derivatives?
A. first
B. second
C. third
D. fourth

A

B. Second

22
Q

Duodenal atresia affects ___ and ___ portion of the duodenum and shows ___ ___ sign.
a. 3rd and 4th, single bubble
b. 2nd and 3rd, double bubble
b. 2nd and 3rd, single bubble

A

b. 2nd and 3rd, double bubble

23
Q

Prenatal ultrasound at 20 weeks revealed a midline mass that appeared to contain intestines and was membrane bound. What birth defect might cause this condition?
A. Gastroschisis
B. Intussuception
C. Omphalocele
D. Volvulus

A

C. Omphalocele

24
Q

In which disease is there meconium passage?
a. Rectal fistula
b. Congenital Megacolon
c. Imperforate anus

A

a. Rectal fistula

25
Q

After his birth, the newborn was placed in the hospital’s nursery room. Within 24 hours, the newborn developed abdominal distention and his vomitus contained bile. It was also noted that he had failed to pass meconium during this time. Physical examination of the newborn at birth revealed normal findings. This is most likely an example of what congenital anomaly of the digestive system?
A. Biliary atresia
B. Congenital megacolon
C. Imperforate anus
D. Rectal fistula

A

B. Congenital megacolon

26
Q

Hirschsprung’s disease results in the disturbance of intestinal motility. The site of this disruption is most likely located at what layer?
A. Lamina propria
B. Muscularis mucosae
C. Submucosa
D. Tunica muscularis

A

D. Tunica muscularis

27
Q

Hypertrophied muscularis externa that obstructs the passage of food and associated clinically with projectile vomiting after feeding are features of _____.
A. Esophageal atresia
B. Tracheoesophageal fistula
C. Hypertrophic Pyloric stenosis
D. Duodenal atresia

A

C. Hypertrophic Pyloric stenosis

28
Q

In the __ week, anomalies such as esophageal atresia (failure of recanalization) and esophageal stenosis (lumen narrowing) can happen.
a. 6th week
b. 8th week
c. 7th week

A

b. 8th week

29
Q

In type 1 Biliary atresia, there is failure of development of which part of the biliary apparatus?
A. Common hepatic duct
B. Cystic duct
C. Common bile duct
D. All of the choices are correct.

A

C. Common bile duct

30
Q

Where is the most common location of Meckel’s diverticulum?
A. Sigmoid Colon
B. Ileum
C. Duodenum
D. Appendix

A

B. Ileum

31
Q

This subtype of biliary atresia affects the common bile duct, cystic duct, and hepatic ducts up to the porta hepatis
a. Type IIb
b. Type III
c. Type IIa

A

b. Type III

32
Q

Cloaca is a common chamber into which some or all the digestive, urinary and reproductive tract discharge their contents.
a. True
b. False

A

a. True

Micro HSB (8 decks)

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