Accesory Organs of Digestive Tract Flashcards
___ triggers centroacinar and intercalated duct cells secrete copious bicarbonate-rich fluid.
a. Insulin
b. Secretin
c. Somatostatin
b. Secretin
Trypsinogen is cleaved and activated by enteropeptidases in the ___.
a. Duodenum
b. Stomach
a. Duodenum
Exocrine secretion in the pancreas is regulated mainly through two polypeptide hormones, namely ___ & ___
a. CCK, secretin
b. Gastrin, secretin
a. CCK, secretin
Pancreatic cancer commonly is found at the ___ of the pancreas, near the duodenum
a. Tail
b. Head
c. Body
b. Head
Capsule of liver thickens at the ___ (porta hepatis).
a. central vein
b. hilum
c. portal vein only
b. hilum
Hepatic artery delivers __ to the liver while the portal vein delivers ___.
a. oxygen, nutrients
b. oxygen, wastes
a. oxygen, nutrients
__% of the blood entering the liver is nutrient-rich (via portal vein). __% of blood comes from the hepatic artery.
a. 50, 25
b. 75, 25
c. 25, 75
b. 75, 25
Ito cells of liver store which of the following?
a. glucose in glycogen granules
b. triglycerides in small lipid droplets
c. Vitamin A
d. AOTA
d. AOTA
What are the other name of Ito cells?
a. Hepatic Stellate Cells
b. Perisinusoidal fat storing cells
c. Both A&B
c. Both A&B
This concept emphasizes the endocrine function of hepatocytes as blood flows past them toward the central vein.
a. Portal lobule
b. Classic lobule
c. Hepatic acinus
b. Classic lobule
This concept emphasizes exocrine function and the flow of bile from regions of three classic lobules toward the bile duct in the portal triad at the center.
a. Portal lobule
b. Classic lobule
c. Hepatic acinus
a. Portal lobule
It emphasizes the nature of the blood supply to the hepatocytes and the oxygen gradient from the hepatic artery branch to the central vein.
a. Portal lobule
b. Classic lobule
c. Hepatic acinus
c. Hepatic acinus
What is the lining epithelium of gallbladder?
a. Simple squamous
b. Simple columnar
c. Simple cuboidal
b. Simple columnar
The area in the liver affected by liver cirrhosis is the ___
A. centrolobular area.
B. periportal area.
C. perisinusoidal space of Disse.
D. sinusoidal space.
C. perisinusoidal space of Disse.
Blood in the central vein is _____.
A. mixed
B. oxygenated
C. unoxygenated
C. unoxygenated
The hepatocyte plates are supported by a delicate stroma of ___ fibers.
a. reticulin
b. collagen
c. elastin
a. reticulin
In a liver biopsy from a long-time drug user which of the following hepatocyte organelles would be expected to be more extensive than normal?
a. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
b. Golgi apparatus
c. Lysosomes
d. Peroxisomes
e. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
e. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
A young child presents with hepatomegaly and renomegaly, failure to thrive, stunted growth, and hypoglycemia. A deficiency in glucose-6-phosphatase is identified and the diagnosis of von Gierke disease is made. What cellular structures would be expected to accumulate in hepatocytes during progression of this disorder?
a. Chylomicrons
b. Glycogen granules
c. Mitochondria
d. Zymogen granules
b. Glycogen granules
Which description is true of the bile canaliculi?
a. Are bordered directly by endothelial cells
b. Are part of the portal triad
c. Are surrounded by the hepatic sinusoids
d. Lumens are entirely sealed by junctional complexes
e. Normally contain some blood plasma
e. Normally contain some blood plasma
Which is/are TRUE regarding zone 3 of the hepatic acinus?
A. Drug biotransformation occurs here.
B. First to have ischemic necrosis
C. Periportal hepatocytes
D. All of the above
E. A & B only are correct.
E. A & B only are correct.
