Accesory Organs of Digestive Tract

Question 1

___ triggers centroacinar and intercalated duct cells secrete copious bicarbonate-rich fluid.
a. Insulin
b. Secretin
c. Somatostatin

Answer 1

b. Secretin

Question 2

Trypsinogen is cleaved and activated by enteropeptidases in the ___.
a. Duodenum
b. Stomach

Answer 2

a. Duodenum

Question 3

Exocrine secretion in the pancreas is regulated mainly through two polypeptide hormones, namely ___ & ___
a. CCK, secretin
b. Gastrin, secretin

Answer 3

a. CCK, secretin

Question 4

Pancreatic cancer commonly is found at the ___ of the pancreas, near the duodenum
a. Tail
b. Head
c. Body

Answer 4

b. Head

Question 5

Capsule of liver thickens at the ___ (porta hepatis).
a. central vein
b. hilum
c. portal vein only

Answer 5

b. hilum

Question 6

Hepatic artery delivers __ to the liver while the portal vein delivers ___.

a. oxygen, nutrients
b. oxygen, wastes

Answer 6

a. oxygen, nutrients

Question 7

__% of the blood entering the liver is nutrient-rich (via portal vein). __% of blood comes from the hepatic artery.

a. 50, 25
b. 75, 25
c. 25, 75

Answer 7

b. 75, 25

Question 8

Ito cells of liver store which of the following?
a. glucose in glycogen granules
b. triglycerides in small lipid droplets
c. Vitamin A
d. AOTA

Answer 8

d. AOTA

Question 9

What are the other name of Ito cells?
a. Hepatic Stellate Cells
b. Perisinusoidal fat storing cells
c. Both A&B

Answer 9

c. Both A&B

Question 10

This concept emphasizes the endocrine function of hepatocytes as blood flows past them toward the central vein.

a. Portal lobule
b. Classic lobule
c. Hepatic acinus

Answer 10

b. Classic lobule

Question 11

This concept emphasizes exocrine function and the flow of bile from regions of three classic lobules toward the bile duct in the portal triad at the center.
a. Portal lobule
b. Classic lobule
c. Hepatic acinus

Answer 11

a. Portal lobule

Question 12

It emphasizes the nature of the blood supply to the hepatocytes and the oxygen gradient from the hepatic artery branch to the central vein.

a. Portal lobule
b. Classic lobule
c. Hepatic acinus

Answer 12

c. Hepatic acinus

Question 13

What is the lining epithelium of gallbladder?
a. Simple squamous
b. Simple columnar
c. Simple cuboidal

Answer 13

b. Simple columnar

Question 14

The area in the liver affected by liver cirrhosis is the ___
A. centrolobular area.
B. periportal area.
C. perisinusoidal space of Disse.
D. sinusoidal space.

Answer 14

C. perisinusoidal space of Disse.

Question 15

Blood in the central vein is _____.
A. mixed
B. oxygenated
C. unoxygenated

Answer 15

C. unoxygenated

Question 16

The hepatocyte plates are supported by a delicate stroma of ___ fibers.

a. reticulin
b. collagen
c. elastin

Answer 16

a. reticulin

Question 17

In a liver biopsy from a long-time drug user which of the following hepatocyte organelles would be expected to be more extensive than normal?
a. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
b. Golgi apparatus
c. Lysosomes
d. Peroxisomes
e. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 17

e. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 18

A young child presents with hepatomegaly and renomegaly, failure to thrive, stunted growth, and hypoglycemia. A deficiency in glucose-6-phosphatase is identified and the diagnosis of von Gierke disease is made. What cellular structures would be expected to accumulate in hepatocytes during progression of this disorder?
a. Chylomicrons
b. Glycogen granules
c. Mitochondria
d. Zymogen granules

Answer 18

b. Glycogen granules

Question 19

Which description is true of the bile canaliculi?
a. Are bordered directly by endothelial cells
b. Are part of the portal triad
c. Are surrounded by the hepatic sinusoids
d. Lumens are entirely sealed by junctional complexes
e. Normally contain some blood plasma

Answer 19

e. Normally contain some blood plasma

Question 20

Which is/are TRUE regarding zone 3 of the hepatic acinus?
A. Drug biotransformation occurs here.
B. First to have ischemic necrosis
C. Periportal hepatocytes
D. All of the above
E. A & B only are correct.

Answer 20

E. A & B only are correct.