Development And Inheritance Flashcards
The first two months, all the changes that occur in the first eight weeks after fertilization
Embryo (embryonic development)
The study of events that characterize Embryonic development
Embryology
Events occurring during the timeframe from nine weeks through birth
Fetal development
Nine week through birth
Fetus
The gradual modification of anatomical structures and physiological characteristics during the period from fertilization to maturity
Development
Bar-like structures, tightly coiled chromatin,visible during cellular division, DNA recipe for every proteins in the body (entire cookbook of 46 chapters)
Chromosomes
One trait of an individual (one recipe), the biological unit of heredity, code for one protein about us
Gene
Chromosomes that carry the same genes and determine the same traits in a human, there are 46 chromosomes forming 23 ? pairs
Homologous chromosomes
Of the 23 pairs of chromosomes present in human cells 22 pairs of them have nothing to do with the sex of the individual
Autosomes
Of the 23 pairs of chromosomes present in human cells one pair determines the sex of the individual
Sex chromosomes
One of the biological units of heredity that determines traits of an individual
Gene
Different versions or alternate forms of a gene example blue eyes, brown eyes, green eyes, etc. often designated as being dominant or recessive
Alleles
Extends from the last menstrual period until birth (280 days)
Gestation
The period of early fetal development where all the major organ systems appear
First trimester
A process that nears completion by the end of the six month, the fetus looks distinctively human
Second trimester
The period of development characterized by the largest weight gain and most of the fetus major organ systems become fully functional
Third trimester
The state of full development or complete growth, begins at birth and continues through maturity
Postnatal development
Fusion of the haploid sperm with the haploid egg to produce a zygote that contains 46 chromosomes
Fertilization
Releases a secondary oocyte or egg into the Fallopian tube
Ovulation
The ability of the sperm to swim to the egg
Capacitation
Sperm penetrating through the Corona radiata and zona pellucida, surrounding oocyte is accomplished by the release of ?
Hyaluronidase & acrosin
Released contents of the oocytes into the extracellular space preventing entry of more than one sperm
Cortical reaction
Large flatten cells of the blastocyst which takes part in the formation of the placenta secretes HCG to promote corpus luteum to continue secreting progesterone in order to maintain the endometrium gives rise to the chorion
Trophoblasts
A cluster of small rounded cells that becomes the embryonic disk
Embryoblast (inner cell mass)
When the blastocyst reach the uterus it float freely for 2 to 3 days then the trophoblast cells embed into the endometrium… this is called ?
Implantation
After the trophoblast cells embed into the endometrium, then proliferate to form this type of Outer layer secreting digestive enzymes and growth factor against the endometrial surface
Syncytial trophoblast
Inner layer that develops into the chorion
Cytotrophoblast
Extends into the endometrium where they are in contact with maternal blood
Chorionic villi
