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Intro to Psych > Development and Disorders > Flashcards

Development and Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Developmental psychology

A

Examines physical, cognitive, and social development across a life span

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2
Q

Zygote

A

A fertilized egg, enters a 2 week period of rapid cell division and becomes an embryo

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3
Q

Embryo

A

Developing human organism from 2 weeks to 2 months

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4
Q

Fetus

A

Developing human from a weeks to birth

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5
Q

Teratogens

A

Chemicals or virus that can reach an embryo or fetus during prenatal stage and cause harm

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6
Q

Fetal alcohol syndrome

A

Physical and cognitive abnormalities in children caused by pregnancy drinking

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7
Q

Habituation

A

Decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation, as infants are repeatedly stimulated, their interests wane

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8
Q

Maturation

A

What we are capable of and when, such as walking. Maturation can be prolonged but not accelerated

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9
Q

Adolescence

A

The years spent from transitioning from child to adult

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10
Q

Puberty

A

Sexual maturation

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11
Q

Formal operations

A

Applying abstract ideas to the world

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12
Q

Kohlberg’s moral ladder

A
  1. Pre conventional: self interest, obey rules, avoid punishment, gain rewards
  2. conventional: early adolescence, uphold laws, gain social approval
  3. post conventional: adolescence and beyond, actions reflect beliefs
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13
Q

Delay gratification

A

Declining small, immediate reward for longer, more drawn out rewards

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14
Q

Erickson’s search for identity

A

Infancy: trust V. Mistrust
Toddlerhood: 1-3 autonomy V. Shame/doubt
Preschool:3-6 initiative V. Guilt
Elementary: 6- puberty competence V. Inferiority
Adolescence: teen-20 identity V. Role confusion
Young adult: 20-40 intimacy v isolation
Middle adult: 40-60 generality V. Stagnancy
Late adult:60-death integrity V. Despair

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15
Q

Emerging adulthood

A

18-mid 20’s when adolescence are not fully dependent

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16
Q

Menopause

A

The natural succession of menstration, ability to menstrate and reproduction

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17
Q

Sandwich generation

A

Caring for parents and children simultaneously

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18
Q

Social clock

A

Culturally preferred timings of marriage, parenting, and retirement

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19
Q

Piagets cognitive development

A 
Sensorimotor (birth - 2): learn through motor skills
Pre operational (2-6/7): too young to hold together ideas and go beyond
Concrete operational (7-11): grasp conservation and mentally change shape while conserving size
Formal operational stage (1-adolecence): ability to think abstractly
20
Q

Psychological disorders

A

Syndrome marked by clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotion, and regulation or behavior

21
Q

Medical model

A

Concept that diseases have a physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and even cured through treatment

22
Q

Young adult

A

An upward trend, you know and see your possibility

23
Q

Middle adulthood

A

Some aspects of life are diminishing beginning at mid 20’s

24
Q

Old age

A

After 70’s stamina declines much more rapidly

25
Q

Fluid intelligence

A

New skills

26
Q

Crystalline intelligence

27
Q

3 d’s

A

Disfunction, distress, deviant

28
Q

Anxiety disorder

A

Excessive apprehensiveness and maladaptive behaviors which attempt to reduce anxiety

29
Q

Generalized anxiety

A

Persistent, apprehensive, autonomic arousal with an inability to avoid those feelings

30
Q

Panic disorder

A

Intense, episodic dread without reason and no particular trigger

31
Q

Major depressive disorder

A

Two or more weeks with 5 or more symptoms one of which being loss of interest or depressed mood

32
Q

Mania

A

Hyper activity, wildly optimistic state with bad judgement

33
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

Alternation between hopelessness and mania

34
Q

Schizophrenia

A

Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, diminished or inappropriate emotional expression

35
Q

Psychotic disorder

A

Irrationality, distorted perception, loss of reality

36
Q

Chronic schizophrenia

A

Symptoms appear late in adolescence, episodes last longer and recovery is less likely

37
Q

Acute schizophrenia

A

Can happen at any time, usually because of trauma, recovery is usually possible

38
Q

Personality disorder

A

Inflexible, enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning

39
Q

Positive symptoms

A

More common, hallucinations, odd speech, addition of behaviors

40
Q

Negative symptoms

A

Flat effect, ridged, absence of behaviors

41
Q

Catatonic

A

Paralyzed or stuck in a position or repetitive motion

42
Q

Emerging adulthood (18-25)

A

Newer idea in today’s world

43
Q

Gottman’s 4 horses of the apocalypse

A
  1. Criticism
  2. Contempt
  3. Defensiveness
  4. Stone walling
44
Q

Delusions

A

A false belief, often of persecuted or grandeur, accompany psychotic disorders frequently

45
Q

Negative mood triad

A
  1. Stable/permanent
  2. Global (everything is bad)
  3. Internal focus
    Leads to depression
46
Q

Positive mood triad

A
  1. Temporary
  2. Specific
  3. External focus
    Healthy coping

Intro to Psych (5 decks)

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