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CARDIO > Development and anatomy > Flashcards

Development and anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

First system to function in embryo

A

Cardiovascular system

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2
Q

Heart will be anterior to

A

Oropharyngeal membrane

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3
Q

What attaches heart to wall

A

Dorsal mesocardium

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4
Q

What forms the coelomic cavity

A

Serous pericardium: visceral and parietal pericardium
Fibrous pericardium
Pericardial cavity between visceral and parietal

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5
Q

At what day do heart tubes fuse in midline

A

Day 19

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6
Q

At what day does blood flow start and pumping heart

A

Day 21

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7
Q

What forms the pulmonary artery

A

Truncus arteriosus

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8
Q

What will form the diaphragm

A

Septum transversum

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9
Q

At what day does the heart get bigger at level of ventricle and atrium

A

Day 22, 23

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10
Q

How does the heart adopt an S-shape

A

By folding on itself

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11
Q

Where will ventricles move during folding of heart

A

Ventrally and to the right

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12
Q

Where will atrium move during folding of heart

A

Dorsally and to the left

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13
Q

Why are the atria at the back in adult heart

A

Due to folding of atrium dorsally and to the left during fetal development

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14
Q

Truncus arteriosus –>

A

Aorta/pulmonary trunk

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15
Q

Conus arteriosus –>

A

Right + left ventricle (smooth part)

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16
Q

Primitive ventricle

A

Right and left ventricle (trabecular part)

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17
Q

Primitive atrium

A

Right and left atrium (trabecular part)

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18
Q

Sinus venosus –>

A

Right atrium smooth part + coronary sinus

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19
Q

When will the dorsal mesocardium dissapear

A

When heart attached to vessels and arteries

Space: transverse pericardial sinus

20
Q

What is sinus venosus

A

Opening going to the common atrium

21
Q

Location of sinus venosus

A

Right side

22
Q

Which vein does not have a valve

A

Superior cava vein

23
Q

What are endocardial cushions

A

2 thick areas developing in walls that divide the 4 chambers of the heart

24
Q

From where will endocardial cushions be formed

A

Neural crest cells

25
Q

From where will tricuspid and mitral valve be formed

A

Neural crest cells

26
Q

What connects atriums

A

Ostium primum

27
Q

What closes the ostium primum

A

Endocardial cushions

28
Q

Formation of ostium secundum becasue

A

There needs to be a communication between atria so through apoptosis small holes apear in septum primum for communication

29
Q

Formation of ostium secundum becasue

A

There needs to be a communication between atria so through apoptosis small holes apear in septum primum for communication

30
Q

Characteristics of 1st septum

A

Flexible and thin

31
Q

Characteristics of septum secundum

A

Flexible and thick

32
Q

Formation of oval foramen

A

From the growth of septum secundus (flexible and thicker) that will leave an opening

33
Q

More blood on right or left side

A

Right

34
Q

Ductus arteriosus

A

Blood vessel connecting aorta and pulmonary artery

35
Q

To what does the ductus arteriosus turn into after birth

A

Arteriosus ligament

36
Q

Why does oval foramen close after birth

A

Because there is a drop in pressure in right side

And an increase of pressure on left side

37
Q

Name of oval foramen after birth (closure)

A

Fossa ovalis

38
Q 
Changes at birth 
Umbilical vein -->
Ductus venosus --> 
Foramen ovale -->
Ductus arteriosus -->
A

Lig. teres
Lig. venosum
Fossa ovalis
Lig. arteriosum

39
Q

Atrial septal defects: Ostium primum defect

A

Endocardial cushion defect –> communication between 2 atrium after birth

40
Q

Atrial septal defects: Ostium secundum defect

A

Maintained due to excessive apoptosis

41
Q

Most important defect

A

Interventricular communication

42
Q

Closure of interventricular foramen

A

7th week

43
Q

What completes the septum

A

Bulbus cordis

44
Q

Acyanotic condition

A

Heart defect affecting normal blood flow

45
Q

What results from ventricular septal defect

A

Acyanotic condition due to pressure being higher on left side, so blood will go to right side

46
Q

What results from pulmonary stenosis

A

Interventricular septum defect
Overriding aorta
Hypertrophy of right ventricle

CARDIO (8 decks)

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