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NUR 201-Exam 3 > Development > Flashcards

Development Flashcards

1
Q

What type of language is good in a young infant?

A

Receptive langage

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2
Q

How do young infants communicate their needs and feelings?

A

Non-verbal communication

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3
Q

When do older infants develop their object permanency?

A

9-10mon

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4
Q

Giving unrestricted advice, forming prejudged conclusions, info overload, and interpretation issues are all what?

A

Blocks to effective communication

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5
Q

What age group is interested in functional aspects-what’s gonna happen now/next?

A

School age children

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6
Q

Separating adolescence from their parents is essential for what?

A

Allowing them to express their feelings, respect their views, maintain confidentiality, and to clarify frequently

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7
Q

Who are the 3 theorists?

A

Erickson, Piaget, Freud

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8
Q

Growth is….

A

Biological

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9
Q

Cognitive is…

A

Developmental

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10
Q

What ages are considered infants?

A

1mon-1yr

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11
Q

What ages are considered toddlers?

A

1-3y/o

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12
Q

What ages are considered preschoolers?

A

3-6y/o

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13
Q

What ages are considered school age?

A

6-12y/o

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14
Q

What ages are considered adolescence?

A

12-20y/o

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15
Q

In an infant how much does weight increase during the 1st yr?

A

Triples

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16
Q

What occurs to the brain in infancy?

A

Increased complexity and function

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17
Q

An infants language is…

A

Receptive is better than expressive, understand/speak a few words

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18
Q

How does an infants language begin?

A

W/ cooing to mama/papa

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19
Q

How many deciduous (baby) teeth does an infant develop?

A

6-8

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20
Q

What kind of play does an infant part take in?

A

Solitary play-entertains self

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21
Q

How much weight does a toddler gain per month b/t ages 1-2?

A

227g (8oz)

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22
Q

How many cm does a toddler grow b/t ages 1-2?

A

9-12cm

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23
Q

A toddlers thoughts develop from?

A

Sensorimotor to preoperational

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24
Q

How is a toddlers language?

A

Understands receptive speech, enjoys talking

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25
How many deciduous teeth does a toddler develop?
Full amount
26
Toddlers have limited food intake, so what is essential for their nutrition?
Small finger foods that are nutrient dense
27
What type of play does a toddler part take in?
Parallel- play next to someone but not w/ them
28
Growth rate in toddlers begins to do what?
Slows down- diff body proportions (taller/slimmer)
29
What grows most in preschoolers?
Long bones of arms and legs
30
A preschoolers thought process is what?
Preoperational
31
What type of play does a preschooler part take in?
Associative-w/ somebody
32
How is a school age child's thought process?
Concrete operational-"you said this and that's how it goes"
33
What continues to grow in school age children making them look more what?
Long bones; leaner
34
What occurs w/ a school age child' teeth?
Loss of 1st deciduous teeth and eruption of permanent teeth
35
Communication style of a school age child is....
Not as literate
36
What type of play does a school age child part take in?
Cooperative play-sports w/ rules, competition
37
What begins in adolescence?
Puberty- sexual maturity
38
How does an adolescent grow?
Rapid accelerated growth-growth spurt
39
What develops in an adolescents body?
Sex characteristics, mature body organs, muscles
40
How is an adolescents thought process?
Abstract thought and analysis-not as concrete
41
What do adolescents need more of in their diet and why?
Protein bc eat more junk
42
How long does the AAP recommend to breastfeed?
1st 6-12mon
43
Breast milk contains what?
Antibodies/immunoglobulins, easily digested fats for well absorption (60% whey, 40% casein)
44
A newborn feeds?
q1 1/2-3hrs (8-10xs/day)
45
What type of formula is recommended by the AAP?
Iron fortified
46
If formula feeding do not exceed how much formula a day?
32oz/day
47
What can occur if an infant exceeds 32oz of formula per day?
Can develop iron deficiency anemia and lead to cognitive delay
48
Formula has a higher what?
Risk for allergies. Renal load and protein intake
49
What should not be given to an infant in the 1st 6mons?
Whole/low fat cows milk, carbonated beverages, water/juice (1st 4mon)
50
In the 2nd 6 months of the infant they can?
Sit up more, move head better and tongue protrudes out more
51
In the 2nd 6mons of an infant what does their nutrition consist of?
Human milk or iron fortified forumla
52
What may an infant need in the 2nd 6mons of life?
Fluoride supplementation depending on intake
53
When does introduction of foods begin?
4-6mon
54
What occurs physiologically when introducing solid foods?
GI tract able to handle more complex nutrition, teeth able to chew
55
What begins and disappears when introducing solid foods?
Tooth eruption; extrusion reflex
56
What is more coordinated/developed when introducing solid foods?
Swallowing, head control, sitting, grasping, hand coordination
57
How often and how much should you introduce one food item and why?
Every 4-7days, 1-2tbsp bc of possible allergies
58
What is an appropriate serving size fora young child?
1TBSP per year of age (2-10y/o)
59
Food for 2-10y/o should be?
Finger foods that are lukewarm temp instead of hot
60
What is weaning?
Giving up 1 method of feeding for another, usually breast for bottle
61
When is readiness shown for weaning?
2nd half of 1st yr
62
What major source is an infant giving up during weaning?
Oral pleasure and gratification
63
What is last to go in weaning?
Nighttime feeding
64
What is physiological anemia?
Picky, fussy eaters w/ strong food preferences
65
A toddlers nutrition requirement is?
High in protein/calories (nutrient dense foods)
66
What ritualism do toddlers have when feeding?
Same cup/spoon/dish
67
What are potential choking hazards for toddlers?
Food/objects smaller than a toilet paper roll
68
How many calories should an infant intake?
1800
69
At age 3 what type of foods are preferred?
Table foods
70
How many times should you introduce food before giving up on trying to get the preschoolers to like it?
10 times
71
At what age can children begin drinking cow milk?
4y/o
72
What kind of eater is a 4y/o?
Finicky (picky)
73
At what age do preschoolers begin trying new foods?
5y/o
74
How much is a preschoolers portion size?
1/2 of an adults portion
75
In preschoolers which one of Piaget's stages is important?
Pre-operational-make meal a social time
76
How much fat should a school age child intake?
30% of diet
77
How much whole/low fat milk does a school age child need?
3-4cups/day
78
In an adolescence nutrition what is essential?
High calorie requirement for years of growth spurt
79
Dental care in children prevents what?
Tooth caries
80
What effective method is used to remove plaque in children?
Brushing/flossing
81
What should you utilize to provide proper dental care in children?
Small, soft rounded multifaceted nylon toothbrush
82
Not a lot of toothpaste can be given until what age?
3y/o
83
What should not be given to children at bedtime?
Milk, formula, fruit juices, sweetened liquids
84
A pacifier should not be dipped in what?
Sugar or honey
85
What should a parent not do w/ the bottle of the child in bed?
No propping of bottle
86
Dental care should begin when?
@ birth
87
What should be used to provide dental care when a child begins to develop their first teeth?
Wet washcloth-clean when they erupt/eat
88
When can you begin giving a minimal amount of toothpaste?
18mon
89
What is an essential mineral for dental care?
Fluoride
90
What's the way to communicate and interview @ a child's level?
Be @ child's level (don't tower), use toys, allow them to touch use instruments, have parents/siblings present/visible
91
Infant formula and cereal are often what?
Iron fortified
92
Growth and development occurs in what directions?
Cephalocaudal (head to toes) and proximodistal (center of body outwards)
93
At how many months does the complete eruption of ____ deciduous teeth occur?
About 33mon; 20
94
At what age is the last deciduous tooth lost and permanent teeth begin to erupt?
6yrs
95
At what age does ___ out of the 32 permanent teeth erupt?
12yrs; 22-26
96
At what age does a growth spurt occur in boys?
13yrs
97
At what age does a growth spurt occur in girls?
10yrs

NUR 201-Exam 3 (8 decks)

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