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NUR 201-Exam 3 > Development > Flashcards

Development Flashcards

1
Q

What type of language is good in a young infant?

A

Receptive langage

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2
Q

How do young infants communicate their needs and feelings?

A

Non-verbal communication

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3
Q

When do older infants develop their object permanency?

A

9-10mon

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4
Q

Giving unrestricted advice, forming prejudged conclusions, info overload, and interpretation issues are all what?

A

Blocks to effective communication

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5
Q

What age group is interested in functional aspects-what’s gonna happen now/next?

A

School age children

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6
Q

Separating adolescence from their parents is essential for what?

A

Allowing them to express their feelings, respect their views, maintain confidentiality, and to clarify frequently

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7
Q

Who are the 3 theorists?

A

Erickson, Piaget, Freud

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8
Q

Growth is….

A

Biological

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9
Q

Cognitive is…

A

Developmental

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10
Q

What ages are considered infants?

A

1mon-1yr

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11
Q

What ages are considered toddlers?

A

1-3y/o

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12
Q

What ages are considered preschoolers?

A

3-6y/o

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13
Q

What ages are considered school age?

A

6-12y/o

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14
Q

What ages are considered adolescence?

A

12-20y/o

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15
Q

In an infant how much does weight increase during the 1st yr?

A

Triples

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16
Q

What occurs to the brain in infancy?

A

Increased complexity and function

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17
Q

An infants language is…

A

Receptive is better than expressive, understand/speak a few words

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18
Q

How does an infants language begin?

A

W/ cooing to mama/papa

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19
Q

How many deciduous (baby) teeth does an infant develop?

A

6-8

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20
Q

What kind of play does an infant part take in?

A

Solitary play-entertains self

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21
Q

How much weight does a toddler gain per month b/t ages 1-2?

A

227g (8oz)

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22
Q

How many cm does a toddler grow b/t ages 1-2?

A

9-12cm

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23
Q

A toddlers thoughts develop from?

A

Sensorimotor to preoperational

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24
Q

How is a toddlers language?

A

Understands receptive speech, enjoys talking

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25
Q

How many deciduous teeth does a toddler develop?

A

Full amount

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26
Q

Toddlers have limited food intake, so what is essential for their nutrition?

A

Small finger foods that are nutrient dense

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27
Q

What type of play does a toddler part take in?

A

Parallel- play next to someone but not w/ them

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28
Q

Growth rate in toddlers begins to do what?

A

Slows down- diff body proportions (taller/slimmer)

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29
Q

What grows most in preschoolers?

A

Long bones of arms and legs

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30
Q

A preschoolers thought process is what?

A

Preoperational

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31
Q

What type of play does a preschooler part take in?

A

Associative-w/ somebody

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32
Q

How is a school age child’s thought process?

A

Concrete operational-“you said this and that’s how it goes”

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33
Q

What continues to grow in school age children making them look more what?

A

Long bones; leaner

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34
Q

What occurs w/ a school age child’ teeth?

A

Loss of 1st deciduous teeth and eruption of permanent teeth

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35
Q

Communication style of a school age child is….

A

Not as literate

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36
Q

What type of play does a school age child part take in?

A

Cooperative play-sports w/ rules, competition

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37
Q

What begins in adolescence?

A

Puberty- sexual maturity

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38
Q

How does an adolescent grow?

A

Rapid accelerated growth-growth spurt

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39
Q

What develops in an adolescents body?

A

Sex characteristics, mature body organs, muscles

40
Q

How is an adolescents thought process?

A

Abstract thought and analysis-not as concrete

41
Q

What do adolescents need more of in their diet and why?

A

Protein bc eat more junk

42
Q

How long does the AAP recommend to breastfeed?

A

1st 6-12mon

43
Q

Breast milk contains what?

A

Antibodies/immunoglobulins, easily digested fats for well absorption (60% whey, 40% casein)

44
Q

A newborn feeds?

A

q1 1/2-3hrs (8-10xs/day)

45
Q

What type of formula is recommended by the AAP?

A

Iron fortified

46
Q

If formula feeding do not exceed how much formula a day?

A

32oz/day

47
Q

What can occur if an infant exceeds 32oz of formula per day?

A

Can develop iron deficiency anemia and lead to cognitive delay

48
Q

Formula has a higher what?

A

Risk for allergies. Renal load and protein intake

49
Q

What should not be given to an infant in the 1st 6mons?

A

Whole/low fat cows milk, carbonated beverages, water/juice (1st 4mon)

50
Q

In the 2nd 6 months of the infant they can?

A

Sit up more, move head better and tongue protrudes out more

51
Q

In the 2nd 6mons of an infant what does their nutrition consist of?

A

Human milk or iron fortified forumla

52
Q

What may an infant need in the 2nd 6mons of life?

A

Fluoride supplementation depending on intake

53
Q

When does introduction of foods begin?

A

4-6mon

54
Q

What occurs physiologically when introducing solid foods?

A

GI tract able to handle more complex nutrition, teeth able to chew

55
Q

What begins and disappears when introducing solid foods?

A

Tooth eruption; extrusion reflex

56
Q

What is more coordinated/developed when introducing solid foods?

A

Swallowing, head control, sitting, grasping, hand coordination

57
Q

How often and how much should you introduce one food item and why?

A

Every 4-7days, 1-2tbsp bc of possible allergies

58
Q

What is an appropriate serving size fora young child?

A

1TBSP per year of age (2-10y/o)

59
Q

Food for 2-10y/o should be?

A

Finger foods that are lukewarm temp instead of hot

60
Q

What is weaning?

A

Giving up 1 method of feeding for another, usually breast for bottle

61
Q

When is readiness shown for weaning?

A

2nd half of 1st yr

62
Q

What major source is an infant giving up during weaning?

A

Oral pleasure and gratification

63
Q

What is last to go in weaning?

A

Nighttime feeding

64
Q

What is physiological anemia?

A

Picky, fussy eaters w/ strong food preferences

65
Q

A toddlers nutrition requirement is?

A

High in protein/calories (nutrient dense foods)

66
Q

What ritualism do toddlers have when feeding?

A

Same cup/spoon/dish

67
Q

What are potential choking hazards for toddlers?

A

Food/objects smaller than a toilet paper roll

68
Q

How many calories should an infant intake?

A

1800

69
Q

At age 3 what type of foods are preferred?

A

Table foods

70
Q

How many times should you introduce food before giving up on trying to get the preschoolers to like it?

A

10 times

71
Q

At what age can children begin drinking cow milk?

A

4y/o

72
Q

What kind of eater is a 4y/o?

A

Finicky (picky)

73
Q

At what age do preschoolers begin trying new foods?

A

5y/o

74
Q

How much is a preschoolers portion size?

A

1/2 of an adults portion

75
Q

In preschoolers which one of Piaget’s stages is important?

A

Pre-operational-make meal a social time

76
Q

How much fat should a school age child intake?

A

30% of diet

77
Q

How much whole/low fat milk does a school age child need?

A

3-4cups/day

78
Q

In an adolescence nutrition what is essential?

A

High calorie requirement for years of growth spurt

79
Q

Dental care in children prevents what?

A

Tooth caries

80
Q

What effective method is used to remove plaque in children?

A

Brushing/flossing

81
Q

What should you utilize to provide proper dental care in children?

A

Small, soft rounded multifaceted nylon toothbrush

82
Q

Not a lot of toothpaste can be given until what age?

A

3y/o

83
Q

What should not be given to children at bedtime?

A

Milk, formula, fruit juices, sweetened liquids

84
Q

A pacifier should not be dipped in what?

A

Sugar or honey

85
Q

What should a parent not do w/ the bottle of the child in bed?

A

No propping of bottle

86
Q

Dental care should begin when?

A

@ birth

87
Q

What should be used to provide dental care when a child begins to develop their first teeth?

A

Wet washcloth-clean when they erupt/eat

88
Q

When can you begin giving a minimal amount of toothpaste?

A

18mon

89
Q

What is an essential mineral for dental care?

A

Fluoride

90
Q

What’s the way to communicate and interview @ a child’s level?

A

Be @ child’s level (don’t tower), use toys, allow them to touch use instruments, have parents/siblings present/visible

91
Q

Infant formula and cereal are often what?

A

Iron fortified

92
Q

Growth and development occurs in what directions?

A

Cephalocaudal (head to toes) and proximodistal (center of body outwards)

93
Q

At how many months does the complete eruption of ____ deciduous teeth occur?

A

About 33mon; 20

94
Q

At what age is the last deciduous tooth lost and permanent teeth begin to erupt?

A

6yrs

95
Q

At what age does ___ out of the 32 permanent teeth erupt?

A

12yrs; 22-26

96
Q

At what age does a growth spurt occur in boys?

A

13yrs

97
Q

At what age does a growth spurt occur in girls?

A

10yrs

NUR 201-Exam 3 (8 decks)

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