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Health & Human > development > Flashcards

development Flashcards

1
Q

what ages is the prenatal lifespan

A

conception- birth

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2
Q

what ages is the infancy lifespan

A

birth-2

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3
Q

what ages is the childhood lifespan

A

2-12

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4
Q

what ages is the youth lifespan

A

12-18

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5
Q

what ages is the early adulthood lifespan

A

18-40

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6
Q

what ages is the middle adulthood lifespan

A

40-65

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7
Q

what ages is the late adulthood lifespan

A

65+

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8
Q

what is development?

A

describes the gradual change in an individual’s physical, social, emotional and intellectual states and abilities

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9
Q

what is the basic rule of development

A

Development requires change

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10
Q

what is physical development

A

changes that relate to peoples size and shape and therefore body structure

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11
Q

what is motor development

A

a form of physical development that relates to the way an individual develops muscle function

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12
Q

what are fine motor skills

A

the ability to control the movements of smaller muscle groups within the body. (knitting, darts, putting a puzzle together)

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13
Q

what are gross motor skills

A

the ability to control the movements of larger muscle groups within the body. (lifting your head, rolling over, walking and running

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14
Q

what is social development

A

the increasing complexity of behaviour patterns used in relationships with other people

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15
Q

what is socialisation

A

the process of acquiring values, attitudes and behaviours through interacting with others.

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16
Q

what is emotional development

A

refers to feelings and moods and the way in which people express, understand and exercise control over them

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17
Q

what is self esteem

A

is how a person feels about themselves and their own abilities (self-worth)

18
Q

what is self concept

A

is the idea an individual has of themselves; who they are who they want to be, and what they believe others think of them (general idea)

19
Q

what is intellectual development

A

is also referred to as cognitive development, the ways in which people are able to think and learn. This type of development involves changes in how a person is able to think and reason as they grow older

20
Q

what is maturation

A

describes the process whereby a person gradually realises their genetic potential

21
Q

what is puberty

A

the time signifying the end of childhood and during which significant changes to the way an individual’s body structure and functions occur in terms of skeletal and sexual maturation

22
Q

what are hormones?

A

a chemical substance produced by the body that acts to regulate and control a wide range of body processes, including growth and physical development

23
Q

what is the endocrine system?

A

The endocrine system is made up of glands and organs that produce and release hormones

24
Q

what does the pituitary gland do?

A

Activates other glands and produces a number of hormones

25
Q

what hormones does the pituitary gland produce?

A

-growth hormone (GH)
-thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
-adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
-Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
-Luteinising Hormone (LH)

26
Q

what does the growth hormone do?

A

Controls growth during infancy, childhood and youth
Stimulates growth of muscles, organs and cells
Responsible for growth spurt during puberty

27
Q

what does the growth hormone target?

A

all cells

28
Q

what does the thyroid stimulating hormone target?

A

thyroid gland

29
Q

what is the effect of the thyroid stimulating hormone?

A

Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce the hormone thyroxine, which helps control metabolism (metabolic rate)

30
Q

what does adrenocorticotrophic hormone target?

A

adrenal glands

31
Q

what is the effect of the adrenocorticotrophic hormone?

A

Stimulates adrenal glands to produce
-cortisol: raises blood glucose
-adrenaline: released in response to stress, increase heart rate
-aldosterone: stimulates male sex characteristics

32
Q

what does the follicle stimulating hormone target?

A

male testes and female ovaries

33
Q

what is the effect of the follicle stimulating hormone on males?

A

Stimulates production of sperm in the testes

34
Q

what is the effect of the follicle stimulating hormone on females?

A

Stimulates ovum (egg) production in ovaries

35
Q

what does the luteinising hormone target?

A

testes and ovaries

36
Q

what is the effect of the luteinising hormone on females?

A

Increases in this hormone causes ovulation (release of ovum)

37
Q

what is the effect of the luteinising hormone on males?

A

Stimulates the production of testosterone

38
Q

what hormones do the ovaries produce?

A

oestrogen and progesterone

39
Q

what does progesterone do?

A

responsible for the development of secondary sex characteristics

40
Q

what does oestrogen do?

A

responsible for the development of secondary sex characteristics. It also plays a role in the menstrual cycle

41
Q

what hormone do the testes produce?

A

testosterone

42
Q

what does testosterone do?

A

males stimulates sperm production and is responsible for the development of secondary sex characteristics

Health & Human (5 decks)

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