Developing Professional Capability Flashcards
Domain 2
What is the principle of cognitivism?2.1.1
Learning occurs primarily through exposure to logically presented information and that retrieval or rehearsal
What does learner feedback look like in the Behaviorism model?2.1.1
Wrong answers are penalized; correct answers are rewarded
What is a constructivist action?2.1.1
learning through carefully designed experiential opportunities similar to those learners encounter in the real world
List the three foundational learning theories.2.1.1
behaviorism cognitivism constructivism.
Which learning theory focuses on stimuli and response?2.1.1
Behaviorism
Which foundational learning theory incorporates immediate feedback?2.1.1
Behaviorism. The objective is to shape behavior through reinforcement
Which learning theory believes retrieval leads to retention?2.1.1
Cognitivism
Which learning theory states that learning occurs through failure?2.1.1
Constructivism
List the six learner characteristics of Knowles’ Adult Learning theory.2.1.3
- Purpose of training (WIIFM) 2. Self-directed 3. Draw on life experiences 4. Relevant to learner needs 5. Beneficial to solve problem 6. Internally motivated
True or false. Pedagogy relates to adult learning theory.2.1.3
False. Pedagogy relates to children’s learning. Andragogy relates to adult learning.
Name two methods of how you can include active-learning.2.1.3
Establish the initial climate by clarifying the purpose of the session; Plan the widest possible range of resources to address needs as they arise; Limit lectures and incorporate activities that involve learners; Be prepared to show learners what’s in it for them; Build in time for open discussion; Create a welcoming, friendly environment to decrease the threat; Prepare discussion questions that help the facilitator Be a guide, not an expert.
What is the lowest level of the hierarchy of needs that must be met?2.1.3
The lowest level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs are Physiological (food, water, sex, sleep)
If managers offer regular recognition and appreciation for the tasks employees are doing, which of the hierarchy of needs are being met?2.1.3
Esteem.
You assign a team member to work on a cross-functional project. Which of the hierarchy of needs are being met?2.1.3
Social
True or False. An employee can achieve the highest level of the hierarchy of needs even if physiological needs are not being met.2.1.3
False. Employees will default to their lowest level needs if their higher level needs are no longer being satisfied.
According to the behaviorist approach to learning, when does learning occur?2.1.1
According to the behaviorist approach to learning, learning occurs when associations between stimuli and responses are strengthened or weakened.
Which learning theory is based on the consequences of reinforcement or punishment?2.1.1
Behaviorism
Which learning theory supports rehearsal for memorization?2.1.1
Cognitivism
Which learning theory supports providing logically presented and in-depth information?2.1.1
Cognitivism
Which learning theory supports learning through carefully designed experiences?2.1.1
Constructivism.
According to Gagne, what is the first step to ensuring learning occurs?2.1.3
Gain the learner’s attention. It creates a foundation for the lesson, sets the direction, and motivates the learner
Internally motivated learners are a characteristic of andragoty or pedagogy?2.1.3
In andragogy, adults are internally motivated, come with a self-concept of who they are.
In order to meet self-actualization needs, what needs to exist for the employee?2.1.3
Opportunities for growth and achievement in the organization.
How are long-term memories made?2.1.3
Forming long-term memories involves retrieval and rehearsal between the working memory and long-term memory.
What are the three components of a learning objective:?2.1.3
- Performance (Behavior) 2. Condition (tools or assistance) 3. Criteria (definition of success)
How can you incorporate social cognitive theory methods into training?2.1.3
Include experiences where the facilitator models behavior for the learners to observe and imitate.
How should you select delivery options?2.2.11
Select delivery options which will support Knowledge, Skills or Attitude objectives.
Identify three Knowledge learning methods.2.2.11
- Behavior Modeling- Brainstorming- Case Study / Scenario- Lecture- Debate- Demonstration- Game- Info search- Interview- Jigsaw- Panel discussion- Reflection- Self-assessment
Identify three Skills learning methods.2.2.11
- Case Study / Scenario- Demo with practice- Game- Group discussion- Hands-on practice- Interview- Jigsaw- Role Play
Identify three Attitude learning methods.2.2.11
- Case Study / Scenario- Debate- Game- Group discussion- Jigsaw- Panel discussion- Role Play- Polling- Reflection- Self-assessment
What is the final behavioral outcomes of a specific learning event?2.2.4
A Terminal Objective represents what learners must master before completing the course. It is the final behavioral outcomes of a specific learning event.
What is a supporting objective?2.2.4
Enabling objectives support the terminal objectives by breaking them down into more manageable chunks.
List the three domains identified by Bloom/2.2.4
Knowledge, Skills, Attitude
List the ABCD of writing objectives.2.2.4
AudienceBehaviorConditionDegree
In which phase of ADDIE would you create a final list of objectives?2.2.6
Design
List three methods to visualize the course map.2.2.6
Storyboard, Wireframe, Mockup / Prototype
List three facilitation techniques.2.3.3
Active listening skills, Give clear directions, balance participant involvement, check for understanding- avoid judgment, plan transitions between topics, summarize key concepts, allow for silence to encourage participation, ask clarifying questions, welcoming/non-verbal messages
List three ways to address disruptive behavior.2.3.3
Build trust, let participants create the ground rules, Create a safe space for discussion/practice/failure, reward good behavior, model appropriate behavior, invite discussions/disagrements
What are the 4 links in Patricia Cross’s Chain of response learning theory?
Adults need: Motivation, Participation, Hierarchy of Needs fulfilled, and some kind of Reward
What is the goal of Knowledge Management?
To ensure the Right Information gets to the Right Employee at the Right Time
What are the 4 core Coaching Competencies?
1) Setting the Foundation 2) Co-Creatinging a Relationship 3) Effective Communication 4) Facilitating Learning and Results
What is Single Loop learning?
Single loop learning the acquisition of knowledge or skill resulting in incremental change and growth
What is Double Loop learning?
Double Loop learning is a fundemental change in thinking patterns, allowing people to “reframe the context”
What is Triple Loop Learning?
Triple Loop learning is a foundational shift in a person’s self-identity, a “transformational change”
Which kind of Hargrove’s multiloop learning would “learning how to create a coaching plan to apply in a new project” represent?
This is Single Loop Learning
Which kind of Hargrove’s multiloop learning would “applying new coaching habits to routine interactions” represent?
This is Double Loop Learning
Which kind of Hargrove’s multiloop learning would “becoming an inspirational leader generating a growth oriented midnset”represent?
This is Triple Loop Learning
The ATD coaching model has 6 steps. What are they?
1) Clarify the Agreement 2) Create a Partnership 3) Collect and Analyze Data 4) Construct a Development Plan 5) Collaborate and Change 6) Complete and Acknowledge
Accoding to Gallup surveys, what are ways that a manager’s coaching skills influences employee engagement?
1) By establishing expectations 2) By constantly providing feedback3) By creating accountability 4) By connecting accountability do an employee’s development
What are three skills TD can help managers develop for effective coaching?
1) Planning coaching conversations 2) How to talk about an employees strengths and development (as well as opportunities) 3) Delivering constructive feedback
What are some important reminders for effectively delivering constructive feedback
Start with the positive, be specific, be timely, allow for responses
How can the C-O-A-CH model serve as a conversation framework for new coaches?
This model can structure how to discuss: CURRENT situations from the client’s perspective, OBJECTIVES and measurements, ALTERNATIVE actions, CHOSING an action
What are three opportunities for managers to show involvement in learning activities
Discuss expectations BEFORE the event, be present at appropriate moments DURING the event, provide opportunities to use new skills AFTER the event
When is a Formative Evaluation of a learning program performed?
Formative evaluations are used throughout the design of the program
When is a Summative Evaluation of a learning program performed?
Summative evaluations examine learning programs after they have launched
What is Content Validity?
The ability for an instrument to clearly represent the content of the program being evaluated
What is Construct Validity?
The ability for an instrument to measure abstract variable such as knowledge or skill
What is Concurrent Validity?
The ability for an instrument to produce results consistent with other evaluations measureing the same metrics at the same time
What is Criterion Validity?
The ability for an instrument to adequately measure and predict external constructs
What is Predictive Validity?
The ability for an instrument to predict results or future behaviours
How is a Split-Half used to evaluate a test’s difficulty?
A test is split in half. The half tests are taken one after another with a strategic amount of waiting time inbetween.
How is a Test/Retest check used to determine a test’s reliability?
A group is administered the same test twice over a strategic period of time and the differences are compared.
What is one advantage to using a Split-Half evaluation over a Test/Retest evaluation?
A Split-Half evaluation compensates for memory bias.
When should you conduct an ROI measurement?
Between three months to one year after the learning program has launched.
What are some tools used to measure ROI?
Control groups, Trend lines, Stakeholder estimates, Extant data, Third party analysis
What are the five steps to the Brinkerhoff Success Case Method?
1) Planning a case study 2) An “impact model” of what success should look like 3) Search for the best and worst case outcomes 4) documenting success 5) Sharing results
What are the 4 dimensions measured in the Balanced Scorecard evaluation method?
Customer’s Perspective (were expectations met?) Innovation Perspective (did participants gain skill?) Internal Perspective (effect on the job?) Financial Perspective (monetary payoff?)
