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health > determinants of health > Flashcards

determinants of health Flashcards

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1
Q

social gradient

A

society is segregated into classes based on wealth

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2
Q

unemployment

A

the psychological, financial and social consequences that rise from not being employed

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3
Q

early life

A

the heath of a mother during pregnancy, the presense of complications during birth and quality of the first years of a childs life will impact the individuals wellbeing later in life

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4
Q

social exclusion

A

characterised by an individual being excluded from the life of society possibly due to unemployment, homelessness, poverty, racism or discrimination

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5
Q

work

A

working is good for health however the safety of the environment can impact an individual physically, mentally or emotionally

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6
Q

stress

A

individuals living in a stressful circumstance for a long period of time live in a constant state of fight or flight. when this doesnt require after a long period of time a person can suffer psychological and physical health effects

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7
Q

addiction

A

people turn to alcohol, drugs to escape their unhappy lives due to poverty, homelessness or unemployment

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8
Q

food

A

a healthy nutritious balanced diet is essential for growth, development and vitality

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9
Q

transport

A

choice of transport such as walking, cycling or skating can increase and be good for health of an individual

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10
Q

social support

A

people with positive, rewarding or close friendships have a better health status and live longer than those who are socially isolates or have less supportive relationships

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11
Q

culture

A

the cultural group to which an individual belongs in has a impact on heath behaviours such as food choices and seeking help

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12
Q

social determinants of health

A

early life
work
stress
unemployment
addiction
culture
food
transport
social support
social exclusion
social gradient

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13
Q

environmental determinants of health

A

extreme weather
bushfires floods and storms
food and water quality
uv radiation
air quality
vector agents

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14
Q

natural environment

A

includes all the organisms, elements and landscapes found on earth such as air, water, climate, vegetation, animals, micro organisms, soil and rocks

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15
Q

extreme weather

A

includes droughts, floods, violent storms and wind, heat waves and high levels of precipitation

reduces populations access to roads, food, increase stress, impacts vulnerable population

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16
Q

bushfires storms and flooding

A

can be devastating and risk burns, spread of disease, spoil food and can cause psychological trauma and dangerous levels in air pollution

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17
Q

ultraviolet radiation

A

ozone layer depletion - over or under expose to the sun

low = vitamin D deficiency

high = melanoma and skin cancer

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18
Q

food and water quality

A

bacteria virus cells present in food or water can be dangerous to health

e.g. salmonella or hepatitis

19
Q

vector agents

A

organisms that transmit diseases

mosquitos - ross river virus or malaria

20
Q

outdoor air quality

A

pollution occurs when the air contains gases, dust, fumes and lead to respiratory problems

21
Q

built environment

A

aspects of our surroundings that were created or modified by people such as buildings, roads, communication networks, homes, schools etc

22
Q

build environment 6 factors

A

indoor air quality
walkability
transport
green space
environmental noise
housing

23
Q

indoor air quality

A

includes outdoor air entering building, emissions from occupants (smoking), emissions from machinery. can cause asthma

24
Q

walkability

A

how suited an area is to walking and can encourage physical activity

25
Q

transport

A

physical infrastructure or vehicles that provide movement. expose to air pollution or move vehicles can increase green house emissions

26
Q

green space

A

area of open land that allow for leisure. mental health is more positive with increased green space

27
Q

environmental noise

A

roads, trains, planes. unwanted noise disturbance can lead to stress and sleep deprivation

28
Q

housing

A

the place an individual resides in. could be overcrowded resulting in high levels of stress. house quality could be poor- high risk of injuries, illness due to mould

29
Q

geographical location

A

refers to where people live, the region where people live, grow up, work can impact their health and access to health care

30
Q

socioeconomic factors of health

A

income
food security
housing/neighbourhood
education
family
access to services
migration/refugee status
employment

31
Q

socioeconomic definition

A

relation to or concerned with interaction of social and economic factors

32
Q

income

A

lower income earners = lower health status

33
Q

food secuirty

A

the stability of available food within a population

34
Q

housing/neighbourhood

A

poorer ventilated, lack of heating/cooling, overcrowded, lacks hot water and food storage can lead to infection, disease and injuries

35
Q

neighbourhood

A

people who live in poorer neighbourhoods have higher mortality rates, worse birth outcomes, more illness and poorer reported health status than people living in higher income neighbourhoods

36
Q

education

A

those with education have less health problems and longer life expectancy.

37
Q

family

A

wealthier families can peruse higher education, persevere through low income jobs and chase higher goals

38
Q

access to services

A

doesn’t prevent ill health but can prevent from spreading or worsening

39
Q

mitigation/refugee status

A

process of moving either across an international boarder or within a state
can result from disasters or conflict within or between countries and can be problematic mentally and emotionally for people

40
Q

employment

A

allows access to income and social networks

41
Q

biomedical determinants of health

A

birth weight
body weight

42
Q

birth weight

A

caused by premature birth or less than ideal pregnancy conditions

low birth rates are prone to type 2 diabetes, high BP and neurological and physical disabilities

43
Q

body weight

A

prevalence of obesity in Australia
can lead to type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and high BP

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