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History > Detente 1969-80 > Flashcards

Detente 1969-80 Flashcards

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1
Q

What was detente?

A

It was a period of time where the USA and the USSR tried to normalise relations between each other.

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2
Q

Who was the first driver of detente ?

A

Nixon

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3
Q

Why did both superpowers want detente by 1970s

A

Arms race was crippling both powers, and the concept of MAD

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4
Q

What were the USAs economic problems in the 1970s

A

Inflation reached 6% in 1970
Unemployment reached 5%
End of Breton woods lowered world confidence in trade

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5
Q

What were the Economic reasons for the USSR to pursue detente?

A

Russian economy could not support arms spending and provide consumer goods to the people

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6
Q

Why did the Third world cause detente?

A

Brezhnev was committed to spreading communism to the third world, and did not want to cause tensions by doing so.

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7
Q

When was the Moscow summit?

A

May 1972

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8
Q

What was signed at Moscow?

A

SALT 1 and the Basic Principles agreement

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9
Q

What did SALT 1 State?

A

Limited each side to two anti ballistic missile shield each with 100 missiles.
interim agreement on offensive missles

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10
Q

What was the Basic Principles agreement?

A

It was the basic rules for the Cold war, seeing both sides as equals.

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11
Q

Who drove European Ostpoltik?

A

Willy Brandt and West Germany to guarantee its borders

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12
Q

When were the Helsinki Accords?

A

1975

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13
Q

How many Baskets in the Helsinki accords?

A

3

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14
Q

What was Basket 1 in the Helsinki accords

A

Guaranteed European Borders

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15
Q

What was Basket 2 of the Helsinki accords?

A

Trade and cultural links

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16
Q

What was Basket 3 of the Helsinki accords?

A

Human RIghts

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17
Q

Who said ‘we are the masters in our own back yard’ when talking about human rights in the communist bloc?

A

Gromyko the soviet foreign minister

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18
Q

What was the main unlooked for significance with Basket three of the Helsinki accords?

A

It gave the communist people the hope of escaping Soviet control, due to free speech and religion etc

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19
Q

What was the problem with Baster two of the Helsinki accords?

A

It showed the ideological problems with the USSR

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20
Q

What does OPEC stand for?

A

Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries

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21
Q

What did OPEC launch?

A

A Oil embargo against Isreals allies

22
Q

What did the West create due to the Oil price shock?

A

G7, which had USA, Britain, France, West Germany, Canada, Italy, and Japan. Designed to bring economic stabilty

23
Q

What was the USSR’s GDP compared to the USAs in 1980?

A

37%

24
Q

What did Brezhnev order about the Soviet economy?

A

A return to central planning

25
Q

Why did interest rates hit the USSR hard?

A

The USSR had borrowed money from the West and now had to pay more back

26
Q

What did the struggling Soviet economy cause?

A

A slow down in the Arms Race

27
Q

How was the avoidance of nuclear war aim of détente achieved?

A

SALT 1 showed that they could discuss problems and solve them through dialouge

28
Q

Was economic prosperity achieved for the US?

A

Yes as the defence spending dropping and the USSR bought goods from the west.

29
Q

How much did defence spending decrease between 1970-76?

A

122 billion dollars

30
Q

Which US-Russian novelist criticised the US?

A

Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn.

31
Q

How many Senators supported him?

A

24

32
Q

Why did a union refuse to help load grain onto a ship for the USSR?

A

Because they disagreed with Détente believing it was a new appeasement

33
Q

What was President Ford asked to avoid in the 1976 presidential election?

A

Mentioning Detente

34
Q

Why did the Democrats win the election?

A

Pointed out the insignificance of the Helsinki accords

Argued that Realpoltik had allowed the USSR to achieve nuclear parity

35
Q

Why did members of the Soviet Politburo criticise Detente?

A

Believed it had moved them away from a world revolution.

36
Q

Why did Nixons fall lead to questions over Detente in the USSR?

A

It suggested that the USA did not have a secure position to agree on things in Detente

37
Q

What were the two Major problems faced by Jimmy Carter?

A

SALT 2 talks

Detente being unpopular with the American Public

38
Q

What was the Vladivostok Framework?

A

A equal celling of 2400 missiles for each country.

39
Q

What were the problems with SALT 2 ?

A

Disagreements over technical classifications of certain weapons.

40
Q

What did Carter do with the SALT 2 talks?

A

Replaced the entire US negotiating team

41
Q

When was SALT 2 signed?

A

June 1979

42
Q

What system did Carter invest in?

A

Trident 2

43
Q

When did the Soviets invade Afghanistan?

A

December 24th 1979

44
Q

Why did they Invade?

A

To retain the only Soviet foothold in the region

45
Q

What did it do to the US government?

A

Shifted support to the group against detente, supported by Brzezinski Carters National Security Advisor

46
Q

What did Carter do because of the Invasion?

A

Issued a grain embargo

Created plans to survive a nuclear war

47
Q

What did Congress do because of the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan?

A

It refused to ratify SALT 2

48
Q

Who won the 1980 US election?

A

Ronald Reagan

49
Q

When was Thatcher elected?

A

1979

50
Q

What was Reaganomics?

A

Roll Back the State

Increase defence spending

51
Q

What did Reagan do when he came to power?

A

Increased support for Anti-Soviet regimes

Started SDI

52
Q

What were the significance of Reagan policies

A

End of Detente

History (6 decks)

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