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Product development > Design for environment > Flashcards

Design for environment Flashcards

1
Q

what is design for environment (DFE)?

A

provides companies with a practical method to minimize or eliminate these environmental impacts

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2
Q

what is effective DFE based on?

A

Maintain or improves product quality and cost while reducing environmental impacts

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3
Q

how does DFE work with respect to the lifecycle?

A 
Expands the traditional manufacturer's focus to consider the full product life cycle.
1. extraction and processing of raw materials
2. production
3. distribution
4. product use
5. end of product
—> remanufacturing
—> reuse of components
—> recycling of material
—> disposal through incineration
—>disposition in landfill
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4
Q

DFE requiresinterdiciplinary approach?

A

Industrial design, engineering, purchasing and marketing all have to work together in the development of environmentally friendly products

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5
Q

Which are the 7 steps in DFE?

A
  1. Set the DFE agenda
    —> drivers
    —> goals
    —> team
  2. Identify potential environmental impacts
  3. Select DFE guidelines
  4. Apply the DFE guidelines to the initial product design
  5. Assess the environmental impacts
  6. Refine the product design
  7. Reflect on the DFE process and results
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6
Q

what factors explain the level of environmental impact?

A
  1. environmentally friendly material
  2. Recycled content
  3. Recyclability
  4. Clean energy
  5. Emissions
  6. Returnability and recyclable packaging
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7
Q

Which are the two lifecycles that DFE are referring to?

A
  1. the natural life cycle

2. the product life cycle

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8
Q

Three challenges of product design to reach sustainability?

A
  1. eliminate use of nonrenewable natural resources
  2. eliminate disposal of synthetic and inorganic materials that do not decay quickly
  3. Eliminate creation of toxic wastes that are not part of natural life cycle
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9
Q

name some environmental impacts!

A
  1. global warming
  2. Resource depletion
  3. solid waste
  4. water pollution
  5. air pollution
  6. land degradation
  7. biodiversity
  8. ozone depletion
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10
Q

What did Herman miller do?

A

he formed a DFE team
- designing products that are less harmful to the environment due to the incremental improvements such as reduced energy use, waste generation, and use of toxic materials

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11
Q

what three key areas of product design in the DFE m method introduced by McDonough and braggart?

A
  1. Material chemistry
  2. disassembly
  3. recyclability
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12
Q

name some typical internal drivers of DFE?

A
  1. product quality
  2. Public image
  3. cost reduction
  4. innovation
  5. operational safety
  6. employee motivation
  7. ethical responsibility
  8. consumer behavior
  9. environmental legislation
  10. market demand
  11. competition
  12. trade organisations
  13. suppliers
  14. social pressures
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13
Q

example of DFE goals in materials?

A
  1. reduce the use of raw materials
  2. choose renewable raw materials
  3. eliminate toxic material
  4. increase energy efficiency of material extraction processes
  5. reduce discards and waste
  6. increase use ofd recovered and recycled materials
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14
Q

example of DFE goals in production?

A
  1. reduce the use of process materials
  2. eliminate toxic process materials
  3. select processes with high efficiency
  4. reduce production scrap and waste
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15
Q

example of DFE goals in distribution?

A
  1. plan the most energy-efficient shipping
  2. reduce emissions from transport
  3. eliminate toxic packing materials
  4. eliminate packing
  5. reuse packaging
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16
Q

example of DFE goals in product use phase?

A
  1. extend useful product life
  2. promote use of products
  3. enable clean and efficient serving operation
  4. eliminate emissions and reduce energy consumption during use
17
Q

example of DFE goals in recovery?

A
  1. facilitate product disassembly to separate materials
  2. enable recovery and remanufacturing of components
  3. facilitate material recycling
  4. reduce waste volume for incineration and landfill
18
Q

Name the 4 factors that are considered in Millers DFE method:

A
  1. material chemistry
  2. recucled content
  3. disassembly
  4. recyclability

measure in percentage

19
Q

name some bullets to reflect on regarding the DFE process and results?

A
  1. how can we execute the DFE process?
  2. How can our DFE process be improved?
  3. What DFE improvements can be made on derivative and future products?

Product development (8 decks)

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