Describing motion along a line (5.6.1) (M) Flashcards
What is distance?
how far an object moves
What type of quantity is distance?
scalar - does not involve direction
What is displacement?
A measure that includes both the distance an object moves, measured in a straight line from the start point to the finish point and the direction of that straight line
What type of quantity is displacement?
vector
What type of quantity is speed?
scalar - does not involve direction
The speed of a moving object is (…) constant. When people walk, run or travel in a car their speed is (…)
rarely
constantly changing
4 needed
What are some factors that can affect the speed at which a person can walk, run or cycle
- age
- terrain
- fitness
- distance travelled
What is the typical speed of walking?
∼ 1.5 m/s
What is the typical speed of running?
∼ 3.0m/s
What is the typical speed of cycling?
∼ 6.0m/s
What are the typical speeds of a car, train and aeroplane?
car - 13/30m/s
train - 50m/s
aeroplane - 250m/s
Do the speed of sound and the speed of the wind vary or stay the same?
vary
What is the typical value for the speed of sound in air?
330m/s
What is the velocity of an object?
its speed in a given direction
What type of quantity is velocity?
vector
How can something in a circular motion (e.g. satellites), have constant speed but have changing velocity?
If something is in circular motion, its direction is constantly changing
How can the speed of an object e calculated from a distance-time graph?
Calculate the gradient
How can speed at any particular time be determined from a distance-time graph?
by drawing a tangent at that point and measuring the gradient
What is acceleration?
the rate of change of velocity
How would you describe an object that is slowing down?
It is decelerating
Falling objects accelerate at (…)m /s2
10
A typical acceleration for a car is (…)m/s2
5
How can the acceleration be calculate from a velocity-time graph?
Calculating the gradient
How can the distance travelled by an object (or displacement of an object) can be calculated from a velocity-time graph?
by calculating the area under the graph
may need to find area using triangles or trapezium area calculations