Describe Position And Structure Of Upper And Lowerr Respiratortract. Identify Functions: Nose, Nasopharynx, Mouth, Oropharynx, Larynx, Trachae, Bronchi And Alveoli

Question 1

What are the 6 structures in the upper respiratory tract?

Answer 1

1. Nasal cavity
2. Pharynx
3. Nasopharynx
4. Oropharynx
5. Laryngopharynx
6. Larynx

Question 2

What are the 5 structures of the lower respiratory tract?

Answer 2

1. Trachea
2. Bronchi
3. Bronchioles
4. Alveolar sac
5. Alveoli

Question 3

Describe the nasal cavity.

Answer 3

Chambers internal nose through which air inhaled, warmed, humidified as moves further into the nasal cavities

Question 4

What are the bones in the nasal cavity and what are the function?

Answer 4

They are scroll shaped bones.
Nasal conchae protrude and form spaces through which air passes.
Conchae swirl air around, allowing time to humidify, warm and clean air before it enters the lungs

Question 5

Why does the nasal cavities have epithelial cilia and mucous membranes lining the inside?

Answer 5

Seromucous and other glands produce mucous that along with cilia, traps unwanted large particles which we cough out or swallow

Question 6

Where does the pharynx connect?

Answer 6

It connects the nasal and oral cavities to the larynx and oesophagus

Question 7

Where does the larynx connect?

Answer 7

It connects to the lower part of the pharynx, the laryngopharynx, to the trachea

Question 8

Air and food share the same pathway. What happens when you breath and when you eat to lower the risk of choking?

Answer 8

When breathing: epiglottis stays up and air passes freely between laryngopharynx and larynx.
When eating: glottis closes and epiglottis folds backwards to cover the entrance larynx so food and liquid do not enter trachea and then the lungs.

Question 9

What are the 7 functions of the upper respiratory tract?

Answer 9

1. Warming
2. Humidifying
3. Filtering particles. Large particles get trapped in coarse hair in nose
4. Smaller particles deposited on mucous layer lining.
5. Mucous wafted by cilia to pharynx and unconsciously coughed out or swallowed.
6. Smell: specialised olfactory epithelium in roof of nasal cavity
7. Speech: vocal cords in the larynx

Question 10

Describe the trachea

Answer 10

Fibro-cartilaginous tube that extends from lower border of larynx to division into right and left main bronchi at the carina.
It’s C shaped cartilage and posteriorly has trachealis muscle