describe and ebaluate the types of long term emory(16 marks) Flashcards
what ahve psychogists suggested there are atleast 3 types of
LTM
what ar ethe 3 types og LTM, as suggested by psychologists?
semantic,prcoedural, episodic
what is episodic memory?
a type of explicit memory, whcih includes memory of personal experiences, auch as the first day at school.
what are the three element of episodic memory? how do these interact?
details of the event, context and emotions
they are interwoven
how is the strength of episodic memories determined?
strength of emotions experienced when the memory is coded,
is a conscious effort required to retrieve episodic memories?
yes
what is semantic memory?
an explicit memory which include memory about facts,concepts and menaing about the world around us, for examples knowing that London is the capital of Engaland
are semantic mempries time stamped or linked to an event?
no
what is procedural memory?
a type of implicit memory, which included memory of how to perform certain tasks, actions or skills such as swimming, reading and writing, which become ‘automatic’. they are implicit and therfore difficult to explain in words to someone else.
how is procedural memory aqquired ?
through repition and practice
when do most procedural memories form?
early in life
what type of scans provide support for LTM?
brain scans
how do brain scans provide support for LTM?
reearch suggest diffrent parts of the brain are active when accsessn semantic,episodic and procedural memories
what part of the brain have epissodic memories been asosiated with?
hippocampu sand temporal lobe
what part of th ebrain ahve semantic memories been asssosiated with?
temporal lobe
what part of the brain have procedural memories been assosiated wiht?
cerrebellum and motor cortext
which case study provided support for implicit and explicit memories?
HM(Milner,1962)
outline what happened to HM?
had severe epilepsy and underwent surgery which involved the removal of his hippocampus, to aleviate his symptoms
what was intact and what was not which HM?
STM remained intact
he was unable to transfer certain types of information into his LTM
what types of tasks could HM learn?
procedural(implicit) but not semantic or episodic(explicit
could HM complete a mirror tracing task?
yes
what HM do after completing a mirror tracing task?
what conclusion can we draw from this/
retain the skill but no knowledge of ever completig the mirror tracing task
HM could demostrate his procedural memory through implicit behaviour, despite being unable to recall his experience explicity
who compared the performance of olde rpeople suffering with a mild cognitive impairment who recieved ememory training to a control group who did not and when?
Belleville et al(2006)
what were the results of Belleville et al(2006)?
experiment group performed better on atest of episodic memory
what did the findings of Belleville et al(2006) ssuggests
being able to identify diffrent types of LTM can provide psychologists with the oppurtunity to improve peoples lives throygh devising age appropriate treatmens to help alleviate problems assosiated with age-related memory impairment
