Dermatology tumour surgery Flashcards
What are the benign oral tumours
Peripheral odontogenic fibroma
Acanthomatous ameloblastoma
What are the malignant oral tumours; which are most common in dogs vs cats
Dogs: melanoma > SCC > fibrosarcoma
Cats: SCC > fibrosarcoma
How to treat acanthomatous ameloblastoma
Surgery with 1cm margin
Treatment of oral malignant melanoma
Often just palliative as highly metastatic
- Can do surgery for local palliative control
- Can add in vaccine, chemo, radio as adjunctives
Treatment of oral squamouc cell cardinoma
Surgery +/- radiotherapy
Generally locally invasive and not very metastatic (tonsillar form may metastasise)
Which breeds are prone to oral squamous cell carcinoma; which to oral fibrosarcoma
SCC = poodles, cockers
Fibrosarcoma = golden retrievers, labs
Characteristics and treatment of oral fibrosarcoma
MAxilla mostly; highly invasive
~20% metastatic rate
Treat with surgery and need wide margins - want 2-3cm margin at least
Which oral tumours are radiosensitive; which isn’t
Melanoma and SCC are radiosensitive
Oral fibrosarcoma is poorle responsive
Out of maxillectomy and mandibulectomy which is most likely to give issues with bleedin and why
Maxillectomy because the palatine bracnhes of maxillary arteries are less accessible to ligate c/f mandibular artery
Most op care for mandibulectomy/maxillectomy
Soft food 2-3 weeks
No hard chews 6-8 weeks
May need assisted feeding
Rigid elizabethan collar
Monitor for dermatitisulceration
What nasal planum tumours are most common in dogs/cats
Cats: SCC»_space; lymphoma…others
Dogs: SCC > adenocarcinoma
Characteristics of nasal planum SCC in cats
Locally invasive
Low rate of metastasis
Related to sunlight exposure; papillomaviruses may be involved
Should check ears and eyes too
Sugery margins for cat vs dog nasal planectomy
Cat = 0.5cm margins
Dogs = 2cm margin
What suture material do we use to appose skin to nasal mucosa in nasal planectomy surgery
Non-absorbably; sedate and remove 2 weeks later
Because this is less inflammatory
Why do we excise the alar fold during nasal planectomy surgery
To optimise airway diameter
Post op care for nasal planectomy
Soft smelly food for 4-6 weeks
Elizabethan collar needed for 2 weeks
MAy need feeding tube
NSAIDs to reduce welling
What is the most common skin tumour in dogs
Mast cell tumour
What drug do we give before starting mast cell tumour surgery
Chlorphenamine to reduce degranulation risk
What might we do before mast cell tumour surgery to increase chances at getting margins
Use steroids to shrink the tumour
What margins do we go for with mast cell tumours; what about if on the distal limb
Ideally: 2-3cm margin + DEEP FASCIAL PLANE
May do ‘reasonable margin’’ for small tumours in hard location
In distal limb if confident can get a margin can leave to heal by second intention
If not DO NOT COMPROMISE CLOSURE; do marginal excision and either wait or do radiotherapy
What qualifies as a reasonable deep fascial plane (mast cell tumour)
Fascia, muscle, bone
NOT FAT as not a good tumour barrier
When do we stage mast cell tumours
Probably only if the tumour was high grade
Characteristics of soft tissue sarcomas
Slow growing, locally invasive, low tendency for metastasis
How to diagnose soft tissue sarcoma
FNA can help but only accurate in 60%; histopath better
What margins to take on soft tissue sarcoma surgery and which type is it different for
2-3 cm margins + deep fascial plane
BUT for feline injection site sarcoma want a 4-5cm margin
