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Year 3 Top Tips > Dermatology- Cutaneous Horn > Flashcards

Dermatology- Cutaneous Horn Flashcards

1
Q

What is cutaneous horn?

A

Cutaneous horns (cornu cutaneum) are uncommon lesions consisting of keratotic material resembling that of an animal horn. Cutaneous horn may arise from a wide range of the epidermal lesions, which may be benign, premalignant or malignant

It is a clinical sign

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2
Q

Differentials for cutaneous horn? (types of cutaneous horn)

A

Viral wart

Seborrhoeic keratosis

Actinic kerotosis

Bowen’s disease

Squmous cell carinoma

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3
Q

What is curettage?

A

Curettage involves scraping the lining and removing uterine contents with a long,

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4
Q

What is cryotherapy?

A

Cryotherapy is the use of extreme cold to freeze and remove abnormal tissue. Doctors use it to treat many skin conditions (including warts and skin tags) and some cancers, including prostate, cervical and liver cancer. This treatment is also called cryoablation

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5
Q

What does this look like?

Tx?

A

Viral Wart

FInger like projections (filoforms)

If asymptomatic you can scrape it of under local anesthetic (curettage)

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6
Q

What does this look like?

Is common or not?

Tx?

A

Seborrhoeic Keratosis

Very common

Tx- curettage

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7
Q

Which is precancerous?

A

Actinic keratosis

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8
Q

What does this look like?

Tx

A

Actinic Keratosis

In one of the main sun exposed sights.

Skin around is pink and scaly -sun damaged

Tx- cryotherapy

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9
Q

WHat does this look like

Tx?

A

Bowen’s disease

bulk and elevated

there is red sclay plaque present

Tx- Excision biposy to rule out malignancy

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10
Q

What does this look like

A

SCC-squamous cell carcinoma

You can see there is something underneath the horn

Tx- excision

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10
Q

What does this look like

A

SCC-squamous cell carcinoma

You can see there is something underneath the horn

Tx- excision

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11
Q

What is this?

A

SCC

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12
Q

Differentials for red scaley skin (clinical sign)?

A

Inflammatory- Psoriasis, Discoid eczema

Neoplastic- Bowens Disease, Superficial basal cell carcinoma

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13
Q

What could this indicate?

Tx?

A

Bowens disease

Tx- 5-flurouracil cream

warn the patient of an inflammatory reaction

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14
Q

What does these look like?

Tx-

A

Superfical basal cell carinoma

Tx- curettage, excision, imiquimod cream if no to surgery,

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15
Q

What is psoriasis?

A

Psoriasis is a skin condition that causes red, flaky, crusty patches of skin covered with silvery scales.

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16
Q

What are some psoriasis creams that you can think of?

A
  • emollients (all patients should use this anyway)
  • Vitamin D analogue (dovonex/silkis)
  • Steroid
  • Tar
  • Dithranol
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17
Q

Common places psoriasis can occur

A

These patches normally appear on your elbows, knees, scalp and lower back, but can appear anywhere on your body.

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18
Q

What is the first line treatment for psoriasis?

A

Dovonex or silkis

Dovobet or Enstilar

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19
Q

What does Dovonex come as?

A

gel/ointment

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20
Q

What does enstilar come as?

A

Foam

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21
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Dovonex and silkis are steroid free

A

TRUE

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22
Q

difference between eczema and psoriasis

A

Eczema usually look like rough, red patches, which can become crusty and infected. Psoriasis can cause similar red patches too, but it can also cause silvery, scaly patches and areas of thickened and severely inflamed skin. Eczema tends to appear in creases of skin around your joints.

psorisis is more sore where as eczema is itchy

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23
Q

WHat would you recommend for a patient with psoriasis in the ear?

A

Mild or moderate topical steroid

24
Q

Recommendation for scalp psoriasis?

A

using tar shampoo

Topical steroid if severe

Sebco?

25
Q

WHat is this?

Tx?

A

guttate psoriasis

Tx- Exorex

26
Q

What if the patient has psoriasis in sensitive areas? What would you use?

A

Eumovate

Trimovate

27
Q

What is eczema?

A

Eczema is the name for a group of skin conditions that cause dry, irritated skin. Other types of eczema include: discoid eczema – a type of eczema that occurs in circular or oval patches on the skin. contact dermatitis – a type of eczema that occurs when the body comes into contact with a particular substance

28
Q

What are the key topical treatment options for eczema?

A

Emmolients for dryness

Soap substitute

Anti inflammatory -steroid and calcineurin inhibitor

29
Q

What features of emollients?

A
  • consider the degree of greasiness
  • some good for soap substitute
  • no Limit to frequency for application
  • paraffin for very dry skin
30
Q

Examples of topical steriods

A

less potent to very potent (top to bottom)

31
Q

Eczema on the eyelids Tx?

A

Delicate site:

midly potent

Calcineurin inhibitor

32
Q

Eczema in popliteal fossa?

A

Thin Skinned site:

Mild moderate ptency

Calcineurin inhibitor

32
Q

Eczema in popliteal fossa?

A

Thin Skinned site:

Mild moderate ptency

Calcineurin inhibitor

33
Q

Eczema on the forearm/wrist?

A

Lichenification requires higher ptency.

Potent or even very potent

34
Q

Eczema on the hand?

A

Very thick skin

Very potent- dermovate

35
Q

What are the differential diagnosis of a facial rash?

A
  • Atopic eczema
  • Allergic contact dermatitis
  • Seborrhoeic dermatitis
  • Rosacea
  • Systemic lupus erythematosus
  • Angio-oedema
  • Superior vena cava obstruction
36
Q

WHat does this look like

A

Rosacea

history of flushing is common

lots of pustules around the cheek (small blisters containing pus) WHICH is why it is not SLE

37
Q

What is this indicative of?

A

SLE

38
Q

How do you differentiate between SLE and Rosacea

A

Rosaea has pustules whereas SLE doesnt

39
Q

What is this?

A

Atopic eczema

40
Q

What is this?

A

Allergic contact dermatitis

41
Q

What is this?

A

Seborrhoeic dermatitis

Could check the scalp too

42
Q

What is this red swollen leg suggestive of?

hx: feels heavy and there is some discomfort

A

DVT

43
Q

What is this suggetsive of?

Hx: unilateral, fever, proximal edge, shiny

A

erysipelas which is a variant of cellulitis

44
Q

erysipelas implies what type of bacteria?

A

strepococcal

45
Q

What is this suggestive of?

A

cellulitis

46
Q

What is this suggestive of?

A

Gravitational Eczema

also known as varicose eczema, stasis eczema or dermatitis eczema

Some surface changes

47
Q

What is this suggestive of?

Hx: bilateral, chronic,

A

Lipodermatosclerosis

48
Q

is cellulitis unilateral or bilateral

A

unilateral

49
Q
A

Lymphoedema

swollen

50
Q

Hx: affected areas are VERY tender

A

erthema nodosum

51
Q

What are the available acne treatments?

A

Topical: benzoyl peroxide, retinoid, antibiotics

Oral: Antibiotics, COCP, Retinoid

52
Q

What treatment would this lady need for her acne?

A

Oral isotretinoin

look up side effects

53
Q

Tx for this acne?

Why?

A

Topical retinoid

54
Q

Tx?

A

Options:

topical retinoid

Epiduo

Duac

Lymecycline plus topical

55
Q

Tx?

A

Oral isotretinoin

56
Q

Tx?

A

Benzoyl peroxide

Erythromycin

Year 3 Top Tips (19 decks)

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