Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

What are 3 functions of the skin?

A

Protective Barrier

Thermoregulation

Regulation of H2O and Vit D synthesis

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2
Q

What are the 5 layers of the epidermis?

A

Striatum Corneum

Striatum Lucidum

Striatum Granulosumn

Striatum Spinosum

Striatum Basale

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3
Q

What structures are in Dermis?

A

Meissner’s (light touch)

Pacinian (coarse touch)

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4
Q

What are the three managements stages for eczema?

A
  1. Emollient Cream
  2. Hydrocortisone cream
  3. Topical calcineurin inhibitors like tacrolimus
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5
Q

What is the first line medication used for psoriasis ?

A
  1. Emollient
  2. Short course steroid cream
  3. Topical Vit D analogue (topical calcitriol)
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6
Q

What will be seen on microscopy in a patient with pityriasis versicolour?

A
  1. Spaghetti and Meatball appearance
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7
Q

What is the management of eczema hepticum ?

A
  1. Acicloyvir
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8
Q

What is a keratoacanthoma?

how do you manage it?

A

This is a lesion that resembles a bowel or volcano. It normally has a scabby top

Over time it will involuted and disappear in on its self.

No treatment needed

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9
Q

What does the ABCDE mneumonic stand for?

A

Assymetry

Border (irregular?)

Colour

Diameter >6mm

Evolving

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10
Q

What virus causes Molluscum Contagiousm?

A

Pox virus

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11
Q

What is the difference between a pilar and a epidermoid cyst?

A

Pillar: AD inheritence. Generally found on the scalp

Epidermoid: these are found on the face, scalp and neck.

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12
Q

Where are pillar cysts found?

A

On the scalp

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13
Q

What is a characteristic sign of a dermatofibroma?

A

Pinch the skin and it will dimple on the top

Not uncommon to have blood vessels on surface

No management needed

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14
Q

What are the 5 principles of wound healing?

A
  1. Haemostasis
  2. Inflammation
  3. Epitherialisation
  4. Fibroplasia
  5. Maturation
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15
Q

What is a seborrhoeic keratosis?

A

Basically a wart. They are flat topped and look like they have just been stuck on the surface of the skin.

No concern. just reassure

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16
Q

What condition is associated with a large amount of seborrhoeic warts?

A

Le Trelat sign associated with underlying malignancy

17
Q

What is the pathophysiology behind psoriasis?

A

You get too many keratinocytes

18
Q

What is the treatment for guttate psoriasis?

A

topical steroids

19
Q

What is the management of plantar palmar psoriasis?

A

Emollients
Corticosteroids
Phototherapy

20
Q

What is the management of malignant melanoma?

A

You do initial

narrow excision and send off the sample for histology

Wide excision (aim is curative)

21
Q

What can actinic keratosis become?

22
Q

What is the management of Actinic keratosis?

A

5- FU cream

23
Q

What are some clinical points pointing to a diagnosis of actinic keratosis and not SCC?

A

No lip involvement

No recent change in size

No bleeding

24
Q

What specific blood test would you want to do in someone with cellulitis?

A
  1. Anti- streptolycin O Titre (ASOT)
25
What is generalised pustular psoriasis? how does it present? how do we treat it?
This is when you get sudden onset psoriasis in the flexures and genitals. You get fever, feeling unwell Mx: IV analgesia, IV fluid, topical steroid + IV immunosupression.
26
What are two causes of generalised generalised pustular psoriasis?
Penicillin hydroxychloroquine
27
What will be evident on the blood test results o someone with generalised pustular psoriasis?
You will have a High WCC with high neutrophils and lymphocytes High CRP ESR Abnormally raised LFTs
28
If you think a patient may have a lipoma what is the key investigation you need to do?
MRI scan
29
Describe the difference between non bullous and bullous impetigo?
Bullous: Thin roof and ruptures spontaneously. Generally linked to eczema and have systemic signs Non Bullous: they just have the typical honey coloured rash
30
How do you treat impetigo?
Fusidic Acid Then if no response you can have oral abx amoxicillin
31
What is the treatment of Bowen’s Disease?
5-FU cream Cryotherapy and Surgery
32
What do you use to treat warts?
Salicylic Acid! THEN CRYOTHERAPY