Dermatology Flashcards
What are 3 functions of the skin?
Protective Barrier
Thermoregulation
Regulation of H2O and Vit D synthesis
What are the 5 layers of the epidermis?
Striatum Corneum
Striatum Lucidum
Striatum Granulosumn
Striatum Spinosum
Striatum Basale
What structures are in Dermis?
Meissner’s (light touch)
Pacinian (coarse touch)
What are the three managements stages for eczema?
- Emollient Cream
- Hydrocortisone cream
- Topical calcineurin inhibitors like tacrolimus
What is the first line medication used for psoriasis ?
- Emollient
- Short course steroid cream
- Topical Vit D analogue (topical calcitriol)
What will be seen on microscopy in a patient with pityriasis versicolour?
- Spaghetti and Meatball appearance
What is the management of eczema hepticum ?
- Acicloyvir
What is a keratoacanthoma?
how do you manage it?
This is a lesion that resembles a bowel or volcano. It normally has a scabby top
Over time it will involuted and disappear in on its self.
No treatment needed
What does the ABCDE mneumonic stand for?
Assymetry
Border (irregular?)
Colour
Diameter >6mm
Evolving
What virus causes Molluscum Contagiousm?
Pox virus
What is the difference between a pilar and a epidermoid cyst?
Pillar: AD inheritence. Generally found on the scalp
Epidermoid: these are found on the face, scalp and neck.
Where are pillar cysts found?
On the scalp
What is a characteristic sign of a dermatofibroma?
Pinch the skin and it will dimple on the top
Not uncommon to have blood vessels on surface
No management needed
What are the 5 principles of wound healing?
- Haemostasis
- Inflammation
- Epitherialisation
- Fibroplasia
- Maturation
What is a seborrhoeic keratosis?
Basically a wart. They are flat topped and look like they have just been stuck on the surface of the skin.
No concern. just reassure
What condition is associated with a large amount of seborrhoeic warts?
Le Trelat sign associated with underlying malignancy
What is the pathophysiology behind psoriasis?
You get too many keratinocytes
What is the treatment for guttate psoriasis?
topical steroids
What is the management of plantar palmar psoriasis?
Emollients
Corticosteroids
Phototherapy
What is the management of malignant melanoma?
You do initial
narrow excision and send off the sample for histology
Wide excision (aim is curative)
What can actinic keratosis become?
SCC
What is the management of Actinic keratosis?
5- FU cream
What are some clinical points pointing to a diagnosis of actinic keratosis and not SCC?
No lip involvement
No recent change in size
No bleeding
What specific blood test would you want to do in someone with cellulitis?
- Anti- streptolycin O Titre (ASOT)
What is generalised pustular psoriasis?
how does it present?
how do we treat it?
This is when you get sudden onset psoriasis in the flexures and genitals. You get fever, feeling unwell
Mx: IV analgesia, IV fluid, topical steroid + IV immunosupression.
What are two causes of generalised generalised pustular psoriasis?
Penicillin
hydroxychloroquine
What will be evident on the blood test results o someone with generalised pustular psoriasis?
You will have a High WCC with high neutrophils and lymphocytes
High CRP ESR
Abnormally raised LFTs
If you think a patient may have a lipoma what is the key investigation you need to do?
MRI scan
Describe the difference between non bullous and bullous impetigo?
Bullous: Thin roof and ruptures spontaneously. Generally linked to eczema and have systemic signs
Non Bullous: they just have the typical honey coloured rash
How do you treat impetigo?
Fusidic Acid
Then if no response you can have oral abx amoxicillin
What is the treatment of Bowen’s Disease?
5-FU cream
Cryotherapy and Surgery
What do you use to treat warts?
Salicylic Acid!
THEN CRYOTHERAPY
