Dermatology Flashcards
Most common cause of oedema in burns victims
Hypoalbuminaemia (due to protein loss)
Can also sometimes be given excess fluids
Complications of extensive burns
Haemolysis Hypoalbuminaemia Loss of cell membrane integrity Severe fluid loss Secondary infections
How does pityriasis versicolor present?
Hypopigmented, itchy lesions
Its a fungal infection
Management of pityriasis versicolour?
Topical antifungal = ketoconazole shampoo
What is isotretinion used for?
Severe acne
Side effects of isotretinion
Teratogenic!
Low mood
DRY EYES, SKIN, LIPS AND MOUTH
Hair thinning
What is lichen planus?
T cell mediated AI disorder
Inflammation of skin and mucosal keratinocytes
See raised purpley lesions on the body
Itchy
Fine white lines on the surface (Wickham’s striae, may be seen in the mouth)
Treatment of lichen planus
Topical steroids
What is erythrasma?
Flat rash under armpits and in the groin
Flat and scaly
Which antiobiotic can you use for erythrasma
Erythromycin
Rubbery, painless, smooth mass on lower back approx 5cm, what is it?
Lipoma
What is the cut of for further investigation of a lipoma?
5cm
If a lipoma is greater than 5cm what do you worry about?
Liposarcoma
Iatrogenic cause of depigmentation in darker skin
Topical clobetasone
Treatment of actinic keratoses
Topical fluorouracil cream
Prevention
Presentation of actinic keratoses
Sun exposed areas, rough erythematous
What is pompholyx eczema?
Subtype of eczema, very itchy rash on the palms and soles
Multiple vesicles or bullar
Usually persists for 4 weeks then resolves
Management of pompholyx
Cool compresses
Emollients
Topical steroids
What is TEN?
Toxic, epidermal necrolysis
TEN has a positive Nikolsky sign, what is this?
Epidermis seperates with mild lateral pressure
Management of TEN
ITU supportive care
Intravenous immunoglobulin
Stop casuative drugs
What is hidradenitis suppurativa?
Painful skin condition causing abscesses in apocrine sweat glands (armpits and groin)
Management of hidradenitis suppurativa
Weight loss
Smoking cessation
Acute flares -> steroids or flucloxacillin
What is follicular pyoderma?
Transient, yellow bumps of staph, respond rapidly to antibiotics
Treatement of follicular pyoderma
Antibiotics
5 P’s of lichen planus
Polyglonal Pruritic Planar (flat topped) Papular Purple
What is Pemphigus vulgaris
Affects very surface of skin, so they erode very very easily = flaccid blisters
Often mucosal involvement
VulgariS = surface
What is Bullous pemphigoid
Autoimmune skin condition against BP180 and BP230
Deeper bit of skin affected, see fluid filled blisters
Tense blisters
NO MUCOSAL INVOLVEMENT
Skin biopsy shows IgG and C3 at the dermoepidermal junction
Treatment of bullous pemphigoid
Oral corticosteroids
How might rosacea present?
Face rash Slightly pustular Often flushing Telangiectasia is common Can have eyelid involvement (red) Sunlight may exacerbate symptoms
Management of rosacea
Topical metronidazole for mild cases
Topical brumonidine gel for flushing but limited other Sx
More severe -> systemic antibiotics = oxytetracycline
Daily aplication of sunscreen
Management of vitiligo
Sun block
Topical tacolimus
Phototherapy
Topical corticosteroids! (May reverse if applied early)
Vitiligo is autoimmune
