Dermatology Flashcards
what are the life-threatening causes of rash?
7
meningococcal septicaemia anaphylaxis necrotizing fasciitis TEN/SJS urticaria - anaphylaxis staph scalded skin syndrome
what disease and causative organisms cause superficial epidermal infection typically around childrens faces?
impetigo
staph 90%, strep pyogenes
which 2 presentations of cellulitis are you most worried about - need referral/senior help?
necrotizing fasciitis
orbital cellulitis
when pain experienced is disproportionate to rash and also presence of systemic involvement?
nec fasc
fever + non-blanching purpuric rash + arthralgia, malaise, headache, neck stiffness, photophobia - dx?
meningococcal septicaemia
tx for meningococcal septicaemia in hospital?
IV Ceftriaxone 4G STAT
likeliest pathogen in meningococcal septicaemia?
neisseria meningitidis
meningitis with a complication of adrenal failure is called??
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome
flat lesions, initially evolving -> itchy scabs.
Macules+papules+vesicles+pustules+scabs - dx?
chickenpox
chickenpox has a centripetal distribution - what does this mean?
spreading outwards from trunk
chickenpox causative organism?
varicella-zoster virus
pain and blistering rash which does not cross the midline +/- malaise - dx?
shingles
multidermatomal shingles is indicative of ________?
immunocompromise
when will the infectious period of shingles/chickenpox begin and end?
48hours before the presence of the rash - until all lesions crust over (5-7 days after)
which organism causes shingles?
herpes zoster virus
tx of shingles and when to initiate?
valaciclovir 1G TDS for 7 days
start within 72h onset of rash
shingles type illness + face pain + external auditory canal vesicles + ipsilateral facial palsy is called?
Ray-Hunt syndrome
complete recovery in <50%
prodrome of fever, coryzal illness, cough then a rash from face/neck to trunk/limbs - dx?
measles
measles have pathognmonic spots called ____? what colour are these and where are they noticed?
Koplik spots
grey
buccal mucosa 2 days prior to rash
measles: what type of rash is seen?
maculopapular rash
rash WITH fever and coryzal symptoms (+arthralgia in adults)
discrete macular rash from face -> trunk/limbs - dx?
rubella
if get rubella in first trimester of pregnancy - what complications are expected?
90% foetal abnormalities
deafness and cataracts
prodrome viral illness -> rash +/- itch
widespread maculopapular rash - dx?
viral exanthema - the viral rash
disease course viral exanthema?
self-limiting resolves over 7days